What is the difference between甲流 (influenza A) and 二阳 (second positive)?
Nov 28, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Lu Haiying
Introduction
Influenza A refers to H1N1 influenza. "Second positive" means a second infection with the novel coronavirus. Differences between H1N1 influenza and the novel coronavirus include causative agents, transmissibility, symptoms, complications, and treatment approaches. In daily life, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and taking proper protective measures may help prevent these diseases.
H1N1 refers to influenza A (H1N1). "Second infection" refers to a second infection with the novel coronavirus. Differences between influenza A (H1N1) and the novel coronavirus include causative pathogens, transmissibility, symptoms, complications, treatment methods, and more. Specific details are as follows:
1. Pathogen
A second infection with the novel coronavirus occurs when someone who has previously been infected and recovered becomes reinfected with the virus. In contrast, influenza A (H1N1) is caused by infection with the influenza A virus.
2. Transmissibility
The novel coronavirus is highly contagious and can spread through respiratory droplets, direct contact, and airborne transmission. Influenza A (H1N1) is less contagious and primarily spreads through coughing, sneezing, or direct contact with contaminated objects, resulting in slower transmission.
3. Symptoms
Symptoms of a second infection with the novel coronavirus are usually milder than those of the initial infection and may only include mild cough, fever, fatigue, and similar symptoms. In contrast, symptoms of influenza A (H1N1) tend to be more severe, including cough, sore throat, chills, and may also involve systemic symptoms such as muscle pain and significant fatigue.
4. Complications
Influenza A (H1N1) can lead to serious complications such as pneumonia and myocarditis, which may even be life-threatening. For a second infection with the novel coronavirus, potential severe complications include pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.
5. Treatment Methods
Currently, there are no specific antiviral drugs for treating a second infection with the novel coronavirus. Management mainly involves symptomatic treatments. For symptoms such as cough and sputum production, medications like Lianhua Qingwen capsules or dextromethorphan oral solution may be used under medical guidance. Influenza A (H1N1) can be treated under a doctor's supervision with antiviral medications, including oseltamivir phosphate capsules, zanamivir inhalation powder, and peramivir injection.
In daily life, maintaining healthy lifestyle habits and taking proper preventive measures may help reduce the risk of infection. If any discomfort or symptoms occur, prompt medical attention and appropriate treatment are necessary.
