What causes persistent submandibular lymph node swelling after tooth extraction, and what should be done about it?
Feb 02, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Guo Huijie
Introduction
Swollen submandibular lymph nodes that persist after tooth extraction may be caused by slow wound healing, trauma, oral ulcers, infection, or lymphadenitis. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention and receive appropriate treatment under the guidance of a physician. In daily life, it is advisable to consume foods rich in protein, various vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients to supplement the body's energy needs and help maintain overall health.
Under normal circumstances, persistent non-resolution of submandibular lymph nodes after tooth extraction may be caused by slow wound healing, trauma, oral ulcers, infection, or lymphadenitis. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and receive symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:
1. Slow wound healing
Individual differences may lead to varying rates of wound healing after tooth extraction. Some people may experience delayed healing due to poor blood coagulation, malnutrition, or immune system issues, which in turn affects the resolution of swollen lymph nodes. This is considered a normal phenomenon and generally does not require specific treatment if no other discomfort symptoms are present.
2. Trauma
If the extraction site is subjected to external irritation or injury after tooth removal, it may trigger reactive hyperplasia of the lymph nodes, leading to lymph node enlargement and persistent swelling of the submandibular lymph nodes. Patients may follow medical advice to take medications such as Yunnan Baiyao Capsules, Sanqi Tablets, or Huoxue Zhitong Capsules for relief.
3. Oral ulcers
Oral ulcers are often associated with infections caused by viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms. During an outbreak, the body’s immune response may be activated, causing lymphocytes to accumulate around the ulcerated area. These cells may travel through the lymphatic system to the submandibular lymph nodes, resulting in swelling. Therefore, persistent submandibular lymph node enlargement after tooth extraction could be due to oral ulcers. Under medical supervision, patients may use chlorhexidine mouthwash, Kangfuxin Liquid, or oral ulcer powder to improve symptoms.
4. Infection
Poor oral hygiene after tooth extraction may lead to soft tissue infection on the affected side of the face. The inflammation can spread to nearby lymph nodes, causing lymphadenopathy. Thus, persistent submandibular lymph node swelling may result from infection. Patients should follow medical advice and use antibiotics such as cefuroxime axetil granules, cefaclor capsules, or azithromycin capsules for treatment.
5. Lymphadenitis
Lymphadenitis refers to inflammation and swelling of lymph nodes due to infection or inflammatory conditions. After tooth extraction, oral bacteria may spread via lymphatic fluid to adjacent lymph nodes, causing lymphadenitis. If the infection is severe or not promptly controlled, lymphadenitis may persist, leading to prolonged submandibular lymph node swelling. Patients should follow medical instructions and may be prescribed medications such as tetracycline tablets, roxithromycin capsules, or cephalexin capsules for treatment.
In daily life, it is recommended to consume foods rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals—such as eggs, lean meat, tomatoes, and apples—to provide essential nutrients, support energy needs, and help maintain overall health.
