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What causes gastrointestinal bleeding?

Apr 28, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Shen Yonghua
Introduction
In general, gastrointestinal bleeding may be caused by long-term excessive alcohol consumption, drug abuse, gastritis, gastric ulcers, esophageal and gastric varices, or other reasons. Patients should promptly seek medical attention at a正规 hospital to identify the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment. In daily life, it is recommended to maintain a positive mindset, avoid spicy, stimulating, and greasy foods, get adequate rest, and develop healthy lifestyle habits.

Under normal circumstances, gastric bleeding may be caused by long-term excessive alcohol consumption, drug abuse, gastritis, gastric ulcers, or esophageal and gastric varices. Patients should promptly seek medical attention at a正规 hospital to identify the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Long-term excessive alcohol consumption

Alcohol is an irritant that can directly damage the gastric mucosa when consumed excessively over a long period. Once alcohol enters the stomach, it disrupts the protective layer of the gastric mucosa, leading to congestion, edema, and erosion. In severe cases, this can result in gastric bleeding. Patients should immediately fast and avoid consuming any food to prevent secondary irritation or increased gastrointestinal burden, which could worsen the bleeding.

2. Drug abuse

Long-term use of antiplatelet drugs such as enteric-coated aspirin tablets or clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablets can interfere with the normal function of the gastric mucosa, causing congestion, erosion, and ulcer formation. In serious cases, this may lead to gastric bleeding. Discontinuation of these medications under medical supervision is necessary to improve the condition.

3. Gastritis

Gastritis may be triggered by factors such as medication use, poor dietary habits, or Helicobacter pylori infection. While mild gastritis typically does not cause gastric bleeding, if left untreated or progressively worsens, it may lead to gastric ulcers or mucosal erosion, ultimately resulting in bleeding. Treatment should be conducted under a doctor's guidance using medications such as amoxicillin capsules, omeprazole enteric-coated tablets, and colloidal bismuth pectin capsules.

4. Gastric ulcer

Gastric ulcers are primarily caused by Helicobacter pylori infection and are common gastrointestinal conditions characterized by defects or sores in the gastric mucosa. When an ulcer erodes into a blood vessel, it can trigger gastric bleeding. Medications such as metronidazole tablets, tetracycline tablets, and rabeprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets may be used as directed by a physician for treatment.

5. Esophageal and gastric varices

Esophageal and gastric varices are usually associated with portal hypertension due to liver cirrhosis. Under conditions of portal hypertension, veins in the lower esophagus and gastric fundus become dilated and twisted, forming varices. These varices are extremely fragile and prone to rupture and hemorrhage. Surgical interventions such as splenectomy with devascularization or selective shunt procedures may be required under medical supervision.

In daily life, it is recommended to maintain a positive mindset, avoid spicy, irritating, and greasy foods, get adequate rest, and develop healthy lifestyle habits.


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