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What is the best medication for stomach bleeding?

Sep 11, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Huang Yuhong
Introduction
In general, there is no such thing as "which medication is most effective for stomach bleeding." Gastric bleeding is often caused by factors such as gastric ulcers, acute gastric mucosal lesions, or rupture of esophageal and gastric varices. Common symptoms include hematemesis (vomiting blood), melena (black tarry stools), dizziness, and fatigue. Patients may take omeprazole enteric-coated capsules, rabeprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets, or somatostatin injection as directed by a physician.

Generally speaking, there is no such thing as "which medication is best for stomach bleeding." Gastric bleeding is often caused by factors such as gastric ulcers, acute gastric mucosal lesions, and rupture of esophageal and gastric varices. Common symptoms include vomiting blood, black stools, dizziness, and fatigue. Patients may take medications such as omeprazole enteric-coated capsules, rabeprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets, somatostatin injection, tranexamic acid tablets, and thrombin lyophilized powder as directed by a physician. The details are as follows:

1. Omeprazole Enteric-Coated Capsules

Omeprazole belongs to the class of proton pump inhibitors, which specifically inhibit the activity of proton pumps in gastric parietal cells, blocking the key step of gastric acid secretion, reducing gastric acidity, and decreasing the irritation of gastric acid on the injured mucosa, thus creating favorable conditions for the repair of damaged mucosa. It is commonly used for gastrointestinal bleeding caused by gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers.

2. Rabeprazole Sodium Enteric-Coated Tablets

As a proton pump inhibitor, rabeprazole sodium rapidly and persistently reduces gastric pH by inhibiting the final step of gastric acid secretion, thus protecting the gastric mucosa and reducing the erosion of gastric acid on the bleeding site. It is suitable for gastrointestinal bleeding caused by acute gastric mucosal lesions and gastric ulcers and has a relatively fast onset of action.

3. Somatostatin Injection

Somatostatin can reduce blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract and liver by constricting visceral blood vessels, thereby lowering portal pressure. It also inhibits the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and pancreatic juice, reducing irritation to the bleeding site. It is effective in controlling acute massive bleeding caused by rupture of esophageal and gastric varices and is one of the commonly used emergency medications in clinical practice.

4. Tranexamic Acid Tablets

Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic drug that competitively inhibits the activity of plasmin, preventing the degradation of fibrin and promoting blood coagulation, thus reducing total blood loss. It is applicable for various hemorrhagic diseases, including gastric bleeding, and can be used in combination with other hemostatic drugs to enhance their effectiveness.

5. Thrombin Lyophilized Powder

Thrombin directly acts on fibrinogen in the blood, promoting its conversion into fibrin, rapidly forming a blood clot to block the bleeding point, thus achieving localized hemostasis. It is mainly used for localized bleeding caused by gastric mucosal erosion and gastric ulcers and is usually administered orally or locally sprayed via gastroscopy.

It is important to maintain good lifestyle habits in daily life and avoid eating coarse, hard, spicy, or irritating foods such as nuts, fried foods, and chili peppers, which may worsen gastric mucosal damage and hinder recovery.

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