What causes micturition syncope?

Under normal circumstances, micturition syncope may be caused by factors such as autonomic nervous system dysregulation, orthostatic hypotension, hypoglycemia, epilepsy, and Parkinsonism. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Autonomic Nervous System Dysregulation

During urination, bladder expansion and emptying stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system, promoting vasodilation and lowering blood pressure. At the same time, the sympathetic nervous system may not respond quickly enough to adjust blood pressure, leading to a drop in blood pressure and resulting in syncope. Lifestyle improvements are recommended, including avoiding prolonged urine retention and practicing deep breathing before and after urination to enhance the body's adaptability to blood pressure changes.

2. Orthostatic Hypotension

Orthostatic hypotension may be caused by chronic low blood pressure, malnutrition, or other long-term conditions. Changing from a sitting to a standing position during urination may trigger orthostatic hypotension—characterized by a drop in blood pressure upon standing—leading to syncope. It is advisable to rise slowly after urination to reduce the risk of orthostatic hypotension.

3. Hypoglycemia

In diabetic patients, blood glucose levels may drop rapidly after using hypoglycemic agents or insulin, causing hypoglycemia. During urination, changes in posture or decreased abdominal pressure may exacerbate hypoglycemic symptoms, potentially triggering syncope. Symptoms may include palpitations and sweating. Treatment may include medications such as glucosamine sulfate tablets, glucose injection, and betamethasone tablets, used according to medical advice.

4. Epilepsy

Epilepsy is typically caused by abnormal electrical discharges in brain neurons. Patients with epilepsy may have autonomic nervous system dysfunction, which could lead to excessive vagal nerve excitation during urination—triggered by bladder emptying or postural changes—resulting in bradycardia, decreased blood pressure, and ultimately syncope. This may be accompanied by symptoms such as convulsions and foaming at the mouth. Medications such as carbamazepine tablets, sodium valproate tablets, and levetiracetam tablets may be used under medical supervision to alleviate symptoms.

5. Parkinsonism

Parkinsonism may be induced by medications, metabolic disorders, or other factors. It affects the normal function of the autonomic nervous system, impairing the body’s ability to maintain stable blood pressure during urination, thereby increasing the risk of syncope. Patients may also experience symptoms such as muscle rigidity, tremors, and coordination difficulties. Treatment may involve medications such as levodopa tablets, entacapone tablets, and trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride tablets, used as directed by a physician.

Maintaining healthy lifestyle habits, regular sleep patterns, and avoiding staying up late can help preserve normal physiological functions. Additionally, engaging in regular physical exercise can improve physical fitness and cardiovascular function, helping prevent episodes of syncope.