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What causes a scalloped tongue?

Aug 31, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Chao
Introduction
A scalloped tongue may be caused by aging, macroglossia, vitamin deficiency, tongue trauma, glossitis, or other factors, and treatment depends on the specific cause. With advancing age, the elasticity of the oral mucosa and tongue decreases, which may lead to mild serrations along the edges of the tongue. If a scalloped tongue appears, it is recommended to seek timely medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment accordingly.

Scalloped tongue may be caused by aging, macroglossia (enlarged tongue), vitamin deficiency, tongue trauma, or glossitis, and management depends on the specific cause. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Aging: With advancing age, the elasticity of oral mucosa and the tongue decreases, which may lead to mild scalloping along the edges of the tongue. This is generally a normal phenomenon and does not require special treatment.

2. Macroglossia: In some individuals, the tongue may be naturally larger, causing the tongue edges to press against the teeth when the mouth is closed, resulting in tooth impressions. It is recommended to maintain regular tooth brushing and flossing to support good oral health.

3. Vitamin Deficiency: Deficiencies in B-complex vitamins and vitamin C can impair normal cellular metabolism on the tongue's surface, potentially leading to a scalloped appearance. It is advisable to consume foods rich in these nutrients, such as apples, bananas, tomatoes, and fish, to replenish vitamins promptly.

4. Tongue Trauma: Injuries such as biting or thermal burns to the tongue can damage surface tissues, and during the healing process, scalloped changes may develop. Maintaining good oral hygiene and avoiding spicy or irritating foods is recommended.

5. Glossitis: Glossitis is commonly caused by infection, malnutrition, or allergic reactions, leading to inflammation of the tongue tissue, swelling of the lingual papillae, and irregular arrangement that results in a scalloped edge. Follow medical advice to use medications such as Kouyanqing granules, Niuhuang Shangqing capsules, or amoxicillin capsules to help relieve symptoms.

If a scalloped tongue appears, it is recommended to seek timely medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment accordingly.

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