What are the causes of insomnia?

In general, insomnia is mainly caused by factors such as high stress levels, poor lifestyle habits, periodic limb movement disorder, depression, and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. If discomfort occurs, please seek medical attention promptly. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. High Stress Levels

Stress and anxiety activate the body's stress response system, leading to elevated hormone levels. These hormones can suppress the brain’s sleep-regulating centers, making it difficult to fall asleep and reducing sleep quality. Practicing relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, and yoga may help reduce stress.

2. Poor Lifestyle Habits

Irregular sleep schedules, consuming caffeine or large meals at night, and lack of physical activity can all negatively affect sleep quality. It is important to adjust daily habits—such as setting a consistent bedtime, avoiding caffeinated beverages after dinner, and increasing daytime physical activity—to improve sleep.

3. Periodic Limb Movement Disorder

Periodic limb movement disorder is primarily a neurological condition characterized by abnormal nervous system function. Patients experience involuntary leg movements during sleep at night, severely disrupting sleep continuity. Symptoms may include nighttime leg discomfort and daytime fatigue. It is recommended to follow a doctor's instructions for treatment with medications such as clonazepam tablets, diazepam tablets, or carbamazepine tablets.

4. Depression

Depression can arise from various causes, including psychological and environmental factors. Depressive mood disrupts the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain that regulate sleep, resulting in disordered sleep architecture and insomnia. Other symptoms may include low mood and reduced interest. Treatment should follow medical advice and may include medications such as fluoxetine capsules, paroxetine tablets, or fluvoxamine maleate tablets.

5. Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome is often caused by factors such as obesity and unhealthy lifestyle habits. During sleep, the airway repeatedly becomes blocked, leading to insufficient oxygen supply and causing insomnia. Symptoms may also include snoring and episodes of breath holding during sleep. Under the guidance of a healthcare professional, medications such as atorvastatin calcium tablets, aminophylline tablets, or medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets may be used for treatment.

Develop the habit of using the bed only for sleeping. Avoid activities such as reading, making phone calls, or watching television in bed, in order to maintain a healthy sleep environment.