What causes cold sores on the lips?
Sep 22, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Wenmin
Introduction
In general, oral herpes may be caused by seasonal changes, excessive sun exposure, immune system responses, mouth ulcers, or infection with the herpes simplex virus. It is important to maintain good oral hygiene, avoid prolonged sun exposure, and follow a balanced diet to boost immunity and reduce the occurrence of lip herpes. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly.
Generally, oral herpes (cold sores) may be caused by seasonal changes, excessive sun exposure, immune system responses, mouth ulcers, or infection with the herpes simplex virus. If discomfort occurs, it is advisable to seek medical attention promptly. The specific causes are analyzed as follows:
1. Seasonal Changes
During seasonal transitions, fluctuations in temperature and humidity can affect the body's immune system, reactivating latent viruses and triggering oral herpes outbreaks. Maintaining good oral hygiene and avoiding excessive sun exposure or cold irritation is recommended.
2. Excessive Sun Exposure
Prolonged exposure to strong sunlight without adequate sun protection can allow ultraviolet (UV) rays to directly damage skin cells and reduce local skin immunity, leading to the development of cold sores on the lips. It is advisable to avoid prolonged sun exposure and to apply sunscreen when going outdoors.
3. Immune System Response
Oral herpes may occur when the body experiences high stress, fatigue, or decreased immunity. Maintaining healthy lifestyle habits to strengthen the immune system—such as regular sleep patterns, a balanced diet, and moderate exercise—is beneficial for prevention.
4. Mouth Ulcers
Mouth ulcers often result from poor oral hygiene or weakened immunity. If left untreated, they may lead to secondary bacterial infections, resulting in lip or oral herpes, sometimes accompanied by symptoms such as fever and swollen lymph nodes. Under a doctor’s guidance, patients may use medications such as metronidazole buccal patches, cefradine capsules, or compound chlorhexidine mouthwash for treatment.
5. Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
Infection with the herpes simplex virus, primarily transmitted through direct contact or respiratory droplets, is the main cause of oral herpes. When immunity decreases, the virus can reactivate, causing blisters around the lips, often accompanied by pain or a burning sensation. Treatment under medical supervision may include topical acyclovir cream, famciclovir capsules, or thymopeptin enteric-coated tablets.
To reduce the occurrence of oral herpes, it is important to maintain good oral hygiene, avoid prolonged sun exposure, eat a balanced diet, and strengthen overall immunity.
