Why are people who are physically healthier more prone to altitude sickness?

Generally, individuals in better physical condition may be more prone to altitude sickness, possibly due to strong cardiopulmonary function, high metabolic rate, polycythemia, pulmonary hypertension, or high-altitude cerebral edema. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and receive treatment under a doctor's guidance. Specific explanations are as follows:

1. Strong Cardiopulmonary Function

Physically fit individuals often have robust heart and lung functions. In the low-oxygen environment of high altitudes, their bodies require more oxygen to maintain normal physiological functions. However, due to the lower oxygen levels at high altitudes, this increased demand may trigger altitude sickness, possibly accompanied by symptoms such as headache, dizziness, and shortness of breath. It is advisable to carry a portable oxygen cylinder for emergency use.

2. High Metabolic Rate

Healthy individuals typically have higher metabolic rates. In a high-altitude, low-oxygen environment, a high metabolism may cause the body to develop hypoxia symptoms more quickly, potentially leading to fatigue, loss of appetite, and weight loss. It is recommended to reduce physical activity appropriately and avoid strenuous exercise.

3. Polycythemia

Individuals in good health may have a higher number of red blood cells. In high-altitude environments, this may lead to symptoms such as headache, difficulty breathing, and palpitations. Medications such as enteric-coated aspirin tablets, Danshen dripping pills, or hydroxyurea capsules may be taken under a doctor’s supervision.

4. Pulmonary Hypertension

In high-altitude conditions, physically fit individuals may experience abnormally elevated pulmonary artery pressure. Symptoms often include persistent shortness of breath, increased fatigue, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. It is recommended to use medications such as nitroglycerin patches, bosentan tablets, or diltiazem hydrochloride for injection as prescribed by a physician to alleviate symptoms.

5. High-Altitude Cerebral Edema

Individuals with good physical fitness who engage in excessive physical activity at high altitudes may experience imbalance in cerebral vascular regulation, leading to severe headache, confusion, nausea, and vomiting. Under medical guidance, medications such as acetazolamide tablets, mannitol injection, or dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection may be used to relieve symptoms.

In high-altitude environments, regardless of physical condition, appropriate preventive measures should be taken to reduce symptoms of altitude sickness. Additionally, regular moderate exercise in daily life can enhance resistance and help the body adapt more effectively to high-altitude conditions in advance.