What could be causing coughing, lower back pain, and pain when bending over?

In general, coughing accompanied by lower back pain and pain when bending over may be caused by various factors such as poor posture, age-related changes, lumbar muscle strain, lumbar disc herniation, kidney stones, and others. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and receive appropriate treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Poor Posture

Prolonged poor posture can keep the lower back muscles in a constant state of tension, easily leading to muscle fatigue and strain, which in turn causes back pain. When coughing, the contraction of abdominal muscles further increases the burden on the lower back muscles, intensifying the sensation of pain. Improving daily posture and regularly performing stretching and strengthening exercises for the lower back muscles can help alleviate symptoms.

2. Age-Related Changes

With aging, bone density decreases, muscle elasticity weakens, and spinal discs lose water content, making degenerative changes more likely and increasing the risk of lower back pain. During coughing, the contraction of abdominal muscles may exacerbate already compromised spinal structures, resulting in pain. Maintaining moderate physical activity, such as walking or tai chi, helps preserve spinal flexibility.

3. Lumbar Muscle Strain

Lumbar muscle strain may result from prolonged excessive loading. Chronic poor posture, improper exertion, or overuse can lead to injury of the lumbar muscles and ligaments, causing chronic inflammation. Pain may be triggered during coughing or bending due to pulling on damaged tissues. Symptoms may include dull aching pain and muscle stiffness in the lower back. Medications such as celecoxib capsules, diclofenac sodium enteric-coated tablets, or Dahuoluo capsules may be taken under medical supervision.

4. Lumbar Disc Herniation

Lumbar disc herniation is primarily caused by degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs, leading to protrusion of the nucleus pulposus and compression of nerve roots or the spinal cord. Coughing and bending increase pressure on the intervertebral discs, worsening pain. This condition is often accompanied by numbness or weakness in the lower limbs. Symptom relief may include medications such as nimesulide tablets, loxoprofen sodium tablets, or diclofenac sodium sustained-release capsules, used under a doctor’s guidance.

5. Kidney Stones

Kidney stones are commonly associated with insufficient fluid intake. Pain occurs when stones move or irritate the renal pelvis or ureter, and this pain may intensify during coughing or bending. Other symptoms may include hematuria (blood in urine) and urinary tract pain. Treatment should be conducted under the supervision of a healthcare professional using medications such as potassium sodium citrate granules, ursodeoxycholic acid tablets, or atropine sulfate tablets.

In daily life, maintaining regular作息 (daily routines), engaging in regular physical exercise, and ensuring adequate rest are recommended.