What causes vomiting and diarrhea?

Under normal circumstances, vomiting and diarrhea may be caused by factors such as gastrointestinal chilling, overeating, allergic reactions, acute gastroenteritis, or ulcerative colitis. If the above symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Gastrointestinal Chilling

When the gastrointestinal tract becomes chilled, blood vessels constrict and circulation slows down, leading to ischemia and hypoxia of the gastrointestinal mucosa. This impairs digestive function and accelerates gastrointestinal motility, resulting in vomiting and diarrhea. In daily life, one should pay attention to staying warm and avoid exposing the stomach and intestines to cold.

2. Overeating

After consuming large amounts of food, the volume of stomach contents exceeds the stomach's capacity, increasing intragastric pressure and triggering vomiting. Meanwhile, excessive food stimulates the intestines, accelerating peristalsis and causing diarrhea. It is advisable to reduce portion sizes and avoid binge eating.

3. Allergic Reaction

When an individual is allergic to certain foods or substances, the immune system releases chemicals such as histamine, which increase intestinal vascular permeability and lead to diarrhea. Allergic reactions can also impair normal gastric function, causing vomiting. Symptoms may include skin itching and redness. Medications such as loratadine tablets, cetirizine hydrochloride tablets, or dexamethasone acetate tablets should be used under medical guidance.

4. Acute Gastroenteritis

This condition is often caused by unhygienic eating habits. Pathogens such as bacteria or viruses invade the gastrointestinal tract, causing acute inflammation of the mucous membranes, which leads to vomiting and diarrhea. Symptoms may include abdominal pain and fever. Patients should take medications such as compound berberine tablets, montmorillonite powder, or loperamide hydrochloride capsules as directed by a physician.

5. Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis may be triggered by infections, environmental factors, genetics, or immune system abnormalities. Inflammation damages the intestinal mucosa, causing discomfort and disordered intestinal motility, which results in vomiting and diarrhea. Symptoms may include mucus-filled bloody stools and tenesmus. Treatment should be conducted under a doctor’s supervision using medications such as azathioprine tablets, prednisolone acetate tablets, or mesalazine enteric-coated tablets.

Maintaining healthy eating habits, eating moderate portions, avoiding excessive irritation to the gastrointestinal tract, and paying attention to personal food allergies are important for preserving digestive health.