What are the symptoms of the second menopause at age 60?

Generally speaking, around the age of 60, some people may experience what is informally referred to as a "second menopause." However, in medical terms, there is no precise definition for "second menopause." Symptoms may include vascular and vasomotor symptoms, neuropsychiatric symptoms, urogenital atrophy, endocrine and metabolic disturbances, and musculoskeletal discomfort. If any discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. Specific symptoms are analyzed as follows:

1. Vasomotor symptoms

Sudden waves of warmth spreading from the chest to the neck and face, accompanied by facial flushing, typically lasting from several seconds to several minutes. These episodes manifest as hot flashes and excessive sweating, caused by instability in the constriction and dilation of blood vessels.

2. Neuropsychiatric symptoms

Emotional instability, feelings of anxiety, tension, or fear; irritability, anger, restlessness, or sudden mood swings and depression. Cognitive issues such as slowed thinking and impaired judgment may also occur.

3. Urogenital atrophy symptoms

Dryness of the vagina, painful intercourse, difficulty urinating, and recurrent urinary tract infections—these are associated with tissue atrophy in the urogenital system due to decreased estrogen levels.

4. Endocrine and metabolic disturbances

Reduced insulin sensitivity can lead to elevated blood glucose levels. Lower estrogen levels affect lipid metabolism, and overall metabolic rate slows down, resulting in endocrine imbalances.

5. Musculoskeletal symptoms

Hormonal fluctuations may affect muscle metabolism and nutrient supply, leading to muscle fiber fatigue and damage. This can cause soreness, weakness, and reduced flexibility in muscles and joints.

If symptoms resembling a "second menopause" appear around the age of 60, it is important to maintain a balanced diet, regular sleep patterns, emotional well-being, and routine health check-ups.