What are the methods for removing age spots?

In general, age spots refer to seborrheic keratosis. Seborrheic keratosis may be caused by factors such as skin aging, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, friction or irritation, endocrine disorders, and metabolic syndrome. Treatments such as electrocautery, laser therapy, cryotherapy, and medication can be used under the guidance of a physician. It is recommended to visit a reputable hospital and undergo procedures under medical supervision to ensure effectiveness and safety. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Skin Aging

As people age, the skin gradually ages, and delayed maturation of keratinocytes may increase the risk of developing seborrheic keratosis. It is advisable to maintain clean and well-moisturized skin and appropriately supplement nutrients to slow down the skin aging process. Under a doctor's guidance, electrocautery treatment may also be used. This method employs high-frequency electric current to generate heat that instantly coagulates and necrotizes the affected tissue, thereby removing seborrheic keratosis. The typical reference cost for electrocautery is 300–800 yuan per session, with improvement usually seen within 7–10 days. However, side effects such as pain or infection may occur.

2. Ultraviolet Radiation

UV radiation may damage skin cells, leading to abnormal cell proliferation and causing seborrheic keratosis. Sun protection measures, such as applying sunscreen, should be taken when going outdoors. Laser therapy may also be performed under a doctor’s recommendation. This treatment uses laser energy to destroy melanocytes and stimulate collagen regeneration, restoring smooth and refined skin. The typical reference cost for laser therapy ranges from 1,000 to 6,000 yuan per session, with noticeable improvement generally appearing within 1–2 weeks. However, adverse reactions such as skin sensitivity or pain may occur.

3. Friction Irritation

Frequently wearing tight clothing or rough jewelry may cause skin irritation due to friction, leading to thickening of the stratum corneum and symptoms of seborrheic keratosis. Wearing loose, comfortable clothing and avoiding excessively rough accessories can help reduce skin irritation. Cryotherapy, performed under medical advice, uses extremely low temperatures to freeze and destroy abnormal tissue, effectively treating seborrheic keratosis. The typical reference cost is 200–500 yuan per session, with improvement usually observed within 7–14 days. Possible side effects include redness, swelling, and pain.

4. Endocrine Disorders

Endocrine imbalances are primarily caused by high life stress, emotional fluctuations, and irregular eating habits. Hormonal imbalances may lead to increased sebum production and disrupt normal skin metabolism, potentially triggering seborrheic keratosis. Symptoms often include oily skin and enlarged pores. Under medical guidance, medications such as Wuji Baifeng Pills, Kuntai Capsules, or progesterone soft capsules may be used for treatment.

5. Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic syndrome is commonly associated with poor diet, lack of physical activity, and obesity. It may impair the metabolic function of skin cells, resulting in the aforementioned symptoms. Additional symptoms may include fatigue, excessive sleepiness, and skin itching. Medications such as nifedipine controlled-release tablets, metformin hydrochloride sustained-release tablets, and atorvastatin calcium tablets may be prescribed and taken according to medical instructions.

Maintaining healthy lifestyle habits—such as regular sleep patterns, balanced diet, moderate exercise, and avoiding prolonged熬夜 or sun exposure—is beneficial for overall skin health.