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What causes gum pain?

Nov 13, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Chao
Introduction
Gingiva refers to the gums. Gum pain may be caused by dietary irritation, gum trauma, gingivitis, pericoronitis of wisdom teeth, periapical periodontitis, or other reasons. Patients are advised to seek timely medical attention at a hospital and follow the doctor's instructions for treatment. In daily life, maintaining a balanced diet and appropriately consuming vitamins and protein can help enhance the body's immunity. Additionally, maintaining good oral hygiene can help reduce the occurrence of inflammation.

Gums refer to the gingiva. Gum pain may be caused by dietary irritation, gum trauma, gingivitis, pericoronitis of wisdom teeth, or apical periodontitis. Patients are advised to seek timely medical care and follow medical guidance for treatment. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:

1. Dietary irritation: Frequently consuming hard or irritating foods may irritate the gums, causing pain, possibly accompanied by redness and swelling of the gums. It is recommended to adjust the diet and avoid excessive consumption of hard or irritating foods.

2. Gum trauma: Poor biting habits or long-term friction from removable dentures may cause gum pain, often accompanied by gum swelling or bleeding. It is recommended to improve biting habits, avoid excessive biting force or consistently chewing on one side, and choose easily chewable foods.

3. Gingivitis: Food debris accumulating on the tooth surface that remains uncleaned for a prolonged period can form dental plaque, leading to gingivitis, which may present with gum redness, swelling, bleeding, and pain. Patients should, under medical guidance, use medications such as minocycline hydrochloride capsules, tinidazole capsules, and ibuprofen sustained-release capsules to relieve pain.

4. Pericoronitis of wisdom teeth: Incomplete eruption, malposition, or impaction of wisdom teeth allows food particles and bacteria to enter the blind pocket between the gum and tooth root, potentially causing inflammation and resulting in gum pain. It is recommended to use medications such as amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium tablets, metronidazole tablets, or roxithromycin capsules to reduce inflammation. After the inflammation subsides, extraction of impacted or abnormally positioned wisdom teeth may be considered.

5. Apical periodontitis: Deep caries leading to pulpitis may allow inflammation to spread to the periapical tissues, resulting in apical periodontitis, characterized by gum pain and swelling, possibly accompanied by tooth mobility and pain upon biting. After inflammation resolves, root canal treatment is recommended.

In daily life, maintaining a balanced diet and adequate intake of vitamins and protein can help enhance immune function. Additionally, proper oral hygiene helps reduce the risk of inflammation.

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