What diseases can be detected through a complete blood count (CBC)?
Nov 28, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Feng
Introduction
A complete blood count (CBC) can be used to diagnose conditions such as inflammation, anemia, allergic purpura, thrombocytopenia, and leukemia. Diagnosis and analysis are primarily based on indicators such as neutrophils, red blood cells, eosinophils, platelets, and white blood cells, which help assess whether blood cells are normal. However, if abnormal results are obtained, further comprehensive diagnosis should be conducted in combination with other tests.
Generally, a complete blood count (CBC) can be used to diagnose conditions such as inflammation, anemia, allergic purpura, thrombocytopenia, leukemia, and other diseases. If discomfort occurs, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Inflammation
A CBC can help analyze whether there are bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms in the blood, primarily based on indicators such as neutrophils and monocytes. When inflammation is present in the body, it may indicate elevated neutrophil levels and increased monocytes, aiding in subsequent treatment.
2. Anemia
Conditions such as iron-deficiency anemia and aplastic anemia are usually related to factors like heredity and malnutrition. Patients may experience symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and dizziness. A CBC may reveal reduced red blood cell count and decreased hemoglobin concentration.
3. Allergic Purpura
Allergic purpura is usually associated with exposure to allergens such as pollen or animal dander. When the immune system weakens, the likelihood of developing this condition may increase. Symptoms may include skin itching and swelling. Blood tests can analyze whether the eosinophil count is elevated.
4. Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytopenia is often related to internal bleeding, trauma, and other factors. Increased blood loss may lead to reduced platelet levels, which can be detected through a CBC. It may also be accompanied by decreased hemoglobin and red blood cell counts. As the condition worsens, patients may experience symptoms such as mucocutaneous bleeding and gum bleeding.
5. Leukemia
Leukemia is a common blood disorder associated with abnormal proliferation of white blood cells in the bone marrow, which affects normal hematopoietic function. Patients may experience symptoms such as skin bruising and gum bleeding. During a CBC, elevated white blood cell counts and reduced red blood cell and platelet counts may be detected.
It should be noted that abnormal results in a CBC indicate possible inflammation or pathological changes in the body. Further examinations, such as pathogen testing, coagulation function tests, or bone marrow aspiration, should be promptly conducted under a doctor's guidance to enable standardized treatment based on the underlying cause.
