What diseases can be detected through urinalysis?

Nov 28, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Cao Zhiqiang

Introduction

Urinalysis can be used to diagnose conditions such as urethritis, cystitis, bladder stones, acute glomerulonephritis, and bladder cancer. These diseases may affect normal urination and lead to the presence of inflammatory cells, red blood cells, and other abnormalities in the urine. Therefore, urinalysis may indicate such abnormalities. Timely related examinations should be conducted for prompt and targeted treatment.

Generally, urine tests refer to routine urinalysis, which can be used to detect diseases such as urethritis, cystitis, bladder stones, acute glomerulonephritis, and bladder cancer. If discomfort occurs, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Urethritis

Urethritis is a condition caused by infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae or non-gonococcal pathogens, primarily transmitted through sexual contact. It is characterized by redness, swelling, itching of the urethral mucosa, and frequent urination. Treatment may follow medical advice using medications such as Cefixime tablets, Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets, or Levofloxacin hydrochloride capsules.

2. Cystitis

Cystitis is an inflammatory disease caused by bacterial entry into the bladder through the urethra, mainly manifesting as frequent urination, urgency, and painful urination; severe cases might even develop urinary incontinence. Treatment may follow a doctor's guidance using medications such as Norfloxacin capsules, Ofloxacin capsules, or Amoxicillin capsules.

3. Bladder Stones

Bladder stones are usually related to dietary habits, medication side effects, and other factors. Patients mainly experience symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, and painful urination, which may even lead to bladder spasms and lower back pain. Treatment may be guided by a doctor using medications such as Urolithiasis Pills, Tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained-release capsules, or Wulin Shitai Pills.

4. Acute Glomerulonephritis

Acute glomerulonephritis results from infection with beta-hemolytic streptococcus, manifesting as hematuria, proteinuria, and leg edema. It is recommended to follow medical advice for treatment using medications such as Cyclosporine soft capsules, Tacrolimus capsules, or Furosemide tablets.

5. Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer is a malignant tumor occurring in bladder tissue, commonly associated with long-term exposure to chemical substances, genetic factors, and others. Common symptoms include urgency, painful urination, and hematuria. Timely medical advice should be followed for treatments such as transurethral resection of bladder tumor or radical cystectomy.

In addition, routine urinalysis can also be used for preliminary diagnosis of diseases such as kidney cancer and prostate cancer. If abnormalities are detected, prompt further examinations should be completed for timely targeted treatment based on diagnostic results.

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What does it mean if a child's routine urine test shows a high red blood cell count, and what should be done?

Elevated red blood cells in a child's routine urinalysis may be caused by vigorous exercise, urethritis, nutcracker syndrome, urinary tract stones, acute glomerulonephritis, or other factors such as medications or systemic lupus erythematosus. If the underlying cause is unclear, it is recommended to have the child undergo relevant examinations to establish a clear diagnosis before initiating treatment.