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What are the precautions for men and women during the preconception period?

Nov 28, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhang Lu
Introduction
In general, health considerations for men and women during the preconception period include pre-pregnancy checkups, adjusting lifestyle habits, taking folic acid supplements, quitting smoking and alcohol consumption, and using medications cautiously. If experiencing any discomfort or symptoms, it is recommended to seek timely medical consultation and follow standardized treatment under a doctor's guidance. Developing good lifestyle habits, maintaining a balance between work and rest, and avoiding excessive fatigue are also advised to promote overall health.

Generally, health considerations for both men and women during the preconception period include pre-pregnancy medical checkups, adjusting lifestyle habits, folic acid supplementation, quitting smoking and alcohol consumption, and cautious use of medications. If discomfort or symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek timely medical consultation and follow professional guidance for standardized treatment. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Pre-Pregnancy Medical Checkups

Women should undergo comprehensive gynecological examinations, including pelvic ultrasound, cervical smear tests, coagulation profile (four tests), electrocardiogram (ECG), routine vaginal discharge tests, and vaginal microecosystem assessments. These tests help evaluate overall health and allow for early detection and management of potential health issues. Men should undergo routine semen analysis and genitourinary system ultrasound examinations to assess reproductive capacity and identify any reproductive system diseases.

2. Adjust Lifestyle Habits

Adequate sleep helps improve physical fitness and immunity, which benefits both conception and fetal health. It is recommended to maintain a regular sleep schedule, go to bed early, wake up early, and avoid staying up late or overexertion. Additionally, maintain a balanced diet by consuming adequate amounts of优质 protein such as fish, meat, legumes, eggs, and dairy products, along with fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamins and fiber.

3. Folic Acid Supplementation

Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects in the fetus. Women are advised to begin folic acid supplementation three months before conception and continue through at least the first three months of pregnancy.

4. Quit Smoking and Alcohol Consumption

Smoking and drinking should be stopped during the preconception period. Nicotine in cigarettes and ethanol in alcohol can damage both sperm and eggs, potentially leading to fetal malformations or infertility.

5. Use Medications with Caution

Medication use should be carefully considered during the preconception period, as many drugs can damage sperm and eggs and may even lead to fetal malformations. If medication is necessary, it is recommended to consult a physician for professional advice.

It is advisable to develop healthy lifestyle habits, maintain a balance between work and rest, and avoid excessive fatigue to promote overall health.

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