What should be done if the lower edge of the placenta reaches the internal cervical os?

Generally, when the lower edge of the placenta reaches the internal cervical os, it is referred to as low-lying placenta before 28 weeks of gestation, and as placenta previa after 28 weeks of gestation. This condition may be caused by advanced maternal age, multiple pregnancies, unhealthy lifestyle habits, endometrial abnormalities, or a previous history of placenta previa. If discomfort occurs, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Advanced Maternal Age

With increasing age, the elasticity and healing capacity of the endometrium decline, which may affect the normal implantation of the placenta, thereby increasing the risk of low-lying placenta. Enhanced prenatal care, regular monitoring of blood pressure and blood glucose levels, and planning the mode of delivery in advance if necessary are recommended.

2. Multiple Pregnancies

In twin or multiple pregnancies, the placenta may implant at a lower position due to relatively limited uterine space. Regular prenatal checkups and close monitoring of fetal growth are necessary, with planned cesarean delivery if required.

3. Unhealthy Lifestyle Habits

Smoking and alcohol consumption can impair blood supply to the endometrium, compromising its health and affecting normal placental implantation. Smoking and alcohol cessation, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regular prenatal checkups, and planning delivery in advance if necessary are recommended.

4. Endometrial Abnormalities

Repeated curettage, uterine fibroid surgery, prior cesarean sections, and similar factors may cause endometrial damage or scarring, affecting the normal placental implantation site. There may be no obvious associated symptoms, but painless vaginal bleeding might occur in the late stages of pregnancy. Close monitoring of maternal condition, regular ultrasound examinations, hospitalization for observation if necessary, and avoidance of sexual activity and strenuous exercise are advised.

5. Previous History of Placenta Previa

A prior episode of placenta previa may cause endometrial damage, affecting normal placental attachment in subsequent pregnancies. Painless vaginal bleeding may occur in late pregnancy. Enhanced prenatal monitoring and planning for early delivery if necessary are important to reduce the risk of bleeding.

In daily life, pregnant women should pay attention to nutritional intake, rest more in bed, avoid strenuous exercise and heavy physical labor, abstain from sexual activity, and minimize uterine stimulation.