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What is the difference between Povidone-iodine and Iodophor?

Jan 24, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Ziqi
Introduction
Common formulations of povidone-iodine include solutions, ointments, suppositories, etc. In fact, iodophor is povidone-iodine solution. The differences between povidone-iodine and iodophor are mainly reflected in the formulation type, composition, available iodine concentration, bactericidal mechanism, and application scope. Povidone-iodine may cause certain irritation to the skin and mucous membranes. Although iodophor is relatively mild, its long-term and frequent use should also be avoided.

　　The common dosage forms of povidone-iodine include solutions, ointments, suppositories, etc. Iodophor is actually a povidone-iodine solution. Therefore, the differences between povidone-iodine and iodophor mainly lie in their dosage forms, composition, effective iodine concentration, bactericidal mechanisms, and application areas, based on their different formulations. A detailed analysis is as follows:

　　1. Dosage Form: Povidone-iodine comes in more diverse dosage forms, including solutions, ointments, suppositories, and others, making it suitable for various treatment needs and body sites. Iodophor specifically refers to povidone-iodine solution, and compared to povidone-iodine, it offers a relatively limited choice of dosage forms.

　　2. Composition: Although both contain iodine, their complexing agents differ. Povidone-iodine is a complex of iodine with polyvinylpyrrolidone, while iodophor uses alcohol and other surfactants as its complexing agents.

　　3. Effective Iodine Concentration: Povidone-iodine generally has a higher effective iodine concentration, ranging from 1% to 5%, which gives it a stronger bactericidal effect. In contrast, iodophor has a relatively lower effective iodine concentration, usually around 0.2%, making it suitable for general skin disinfection.

　　4. Bactericidal Mechanism: Povidone-iodine continuously and slowly releases iodine, providing long-lasting antibacterial effects on wounds. Iodophor may act more quickly but has a shorter duration of action. Therefore, povidone-iodine may be more effective for wounds requiring prolonged sterility.

　　5. Application Range: Due to its diverse dosage forms and higher effective iodine concentration, povidone-iodine is widely used in treating various conditions such as vaginal infections, skin infections, and oral infections. Iodophor is mainly used for disinfection of skin and mucous membranes, as well as some gynecological infections. Additionally, iodophor can be used for preoperative skin disinfection and instrument sterilization.

　　When using povidone-iodine, it should be noted that it may cause some irritation to the skin and mucous membranes. Although iodophor is relatively mild, it should not be used frequently over a long period to avoid skin irritation and damage. Both should be avoided by individuals allergic to iodine.

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