How to quickly reduce swelling from a sprained ankle
Feb 24, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Bai Hongmei
Introduction
Sprained ankle causes fluid exudation and accumulation in the local tissues, leading to swelling. Generally, to achieve rapid reduction of swelling, measures such as immediate immobilization and rest, local cold compress, elevation of the affected limb, compression bandaging, and medication may be taken. In addition, physical therapy methods such as ultrashort wave therapy and infrared radiation can also be considered to improve local tissue blood circulation and promote the resolution of swelling and absorption of inflammation.
Generally speaking, there is no single method that can guarantee rapid reduction of swelling. An ankle sprain may damage the blood vessels and tissues in the foot, leading to fluid leakage and accumulation in the surrounding tissues, causing swelling. To reduce swelling, common approaches include immediate immobilization and rest, local cold compresses, elevating the affected limb, compression bandaging, and medication treatment. If symptoms worsen or are unusual, prompt medical attention is recommended. Detailed explanations are as follows:
1. Immediate immobilization and rest: After an ankle sprain, physical activity should be stopped immediately to avoid walking or bearing weight, which could worsen soft tissue injury and swelling. Bed rest is recommended to minimize lower limb weight-bearing and allow adequate rest and recovery for the damaged soft tissues.
2. Local cold compress: Apply a cold compress to the affected area within 24 to 48 hours after the injury. Cold therapy helps constrict blood vessels, reduce fluid leakage from tissues, and thereby alleviate swelling and pain. Ice packs or cold towels can be applied for 15 to 30 minutes each time, three to five times daily. Direct contact between ice and skin should be avoided to prevent frostbite.
3. Elevating the affected limb: Raise the injured limb above heart level to promote blood return through gravity, which helps reduce swelling. Pillows or blankets can be used to elevate the foot comfortably. This method is particularly effective during nighttime sleep.
4. Compression bandaging: If the swelling is not severe, elastic bandages can be used for localized compression. Compression increases interstitial pressure and helps prevent continued fluid leakage, thus aiding in reducing swelling. It also provides some immobilization to prevent further injury. However, the bandage should not be too tight, as this may impair circulation.
5. Medication: Under a doctor's guidance, certain oral or topical medications can be used to assist in reducing swelling. Oral medications may include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and traditional Chinese medicines that promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, such as Sanqi tablets or Compound Salvia tablets. Topical treatments, such as diclofenac diethylamine gel, safflower oil, or flurbiprofen gel patches, can also help relieve swelling and pain.
In addition, physical therapies such as ultrashort wave therapy or infrared radiation may be considered to improve local blood circulation, accelerate swelling reduction, and promote absorption of inflammation.
