What are the side effects of oral contraceptives?
Mar 09, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhang Lu
Introduction
Under normal circumstances, common oral contraceptives include drospirenone ethinylestradiol tablets, levonorgestrel ethinylestradiol ether tablets, mifepristone tablets, and others. Side effects of oral contraceptives may include increased vaginal discharge, weight changes, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, breakthrough bleeding, and other symptoms. If any discomfort or abnormal symptoms occur, prompt medical attention should be sought so that a healthcare provider can evaluate and manage the situation according to the specific condition.
Generally speaking, common oral contraceptives include drospirenone ethinylestradiol tablets, levonorgestrel ethinylestradiol cyclopentyl ether tablets, mifepristone tablets, and others. Possible side effects of oral contraceptives may include increased vaginal discharge, weight changes, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, breakthrough bleeding, etc. Detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Increased Vaginal Discharge
The hormonal components in contraceptives may stimulate cervical cell proliferation, leading to increased vaginal discharge. This usually does not require special treatment, but if accompanied by symptoms such as odor or itching, prompt medical attention is recommended.
2. Weight Changes
The progestin component in contraceptives may cause water and sodium retention, which could lead to slight weight gain in some women. Although it generally does not cause significant obesity, women who are weight-sensitive should still be cautious.
3. Nausea and Vomiting
The hormonal components in the medication can easily irritate the gastric mucosa, potentially causing symptoms of nausea and vomiting after taking oral contraceptives. The severity varies among individuals; some women may experience only mild discomfort, while others may have more severe symptoms.
4. Dizziness
The hormonal components in contraceptives may have certain effects on the nervous system, causing symptoms such as headaches or dizziness in some women. These symptoms are usually mild but may affect daily activities.
5. Breakthrough Bleeding
During the medication period, missed or delayed contraceptive pills, or insufficient dosage, may lead to spotting or breakthrough bleeding in some women. Minor bleeding usually does not require special treatment, and symptoms may decrease or disappear as the medication period continues.
During the use of contraceptives, if any discomfort or abnormal symptoms occur, prompt medical attention is advised for evaluation and management by a healthcare provider. Additionally, women are advised to choose a contraceptive method based on their individual circumstances and medical advice.
