What diseases can be detected through a stool examination?

Mar 20, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Wang Lei

Introduction

In general, stool examination refers to fecal analysis. Diseases that can be detected through fecal examination may include bacterial enteritis, parasitic infection, irritable bowel syndrome, gastrointestinal bleeding, and obstructive jaundice of the biliary tract. Bacterial enteritis is caused by various bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella. These bacteria multiply in the intestines and cause inflammatory reactions.

In general, stool examination refers to fecal analysis. Diseases that may be detected through stool examination include bacterial enteritis, parasitic infection, irritable bowel syndrome, gastrointestinal bleeding, and obstructive jaundice caused by biliary tract obstruction. If experiencing any discomfort, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Bacterial Enteritis

Bacterial enteritis is caused by various bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella. These bacteria multiply in the intestines and cause inflammatory reactions. A large number of bacteria, white blood cells, and red blood cells can be detected in the stool examination.

2. Parasitic Infection

During parasitic infections, parasites or their eggs may be excreted in the stool. Parasitic eggs, larvae, or adult worm fragments can be identified by microscopic examination of the stool.

3. Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Although irritable bowel syndrome does not involve obvious organic lesions, it can cause changes in stool consistency, such as constipation, diarrhea, or alternating episodes of both. While stool examination cannot directly confirm the diagnosis, it can help rule out other organic diseases and support the diagnosis based on clinical symptoms.

4. Gastrointestinal Bleeding

During gastrointestinal bleeding, red blood cells are excreted in the stool, resulting in hematochezia or melena. A positive fecal occult blood test is an important indicator of gastrointestinal bleeding. Further investigations such as gastroscopy or colonoscopy can help identify the bleeding site.

5. Obstructive Jaundice due to Biliary Tract Blockage

Biliary tract obstruction prevents bile from entering the intestines, causing the stool color to become lighter. Reduced bilirubin levels in the stool and changes in stool color are important diagnostic indicators of biliary tract obstruction.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regular sleep patterns, appropriate exercise, and enhancing immunity can help reduce the occurrence of intestinal diseases.

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