What does a premarital medical examination for women include?
Apr 27, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Ziqi
Introduction
In general, premarital medical examinations for women mainly include physical examination, gynecological examination, routine blood test, routine urine test, and liver function tests. A few days before the premarital examination, it is recommended to maintain normal diet and作息 (作息 should be translated as "daily routine"), avoid alcohol consumption, staying up late, and eating excessively greasy, spicy, or irritating foods, as these may affect the examination results. For example, alcohol consumption may lead to abnormal liver function indicators.
Generally, premarital medical examinations for women mainly include physical examination, gynecological examination, routine blood test, routine urine test, liver function test, and other assessments. A detailed breakdown is as follows:
1. Physical Examination
A physical examination includes measurements of basic vital signs such as height, weight, blood pressure, and heart rate to understand the general health status. Additionally, the physician will perform a comprehensive physical examination of the thyroid, breasts, heart and lungs, abdomen, and other areas to detect any obvious abnormalities, such as goiter, heart or lung murmurs, or abdominal masses.
2. Gynecological Examination
The gynecological examination primarily assesses the external genitalia, vagina, cervix, uterus, and adnexa. Using a bimanual or trimanual exam, the physician can evaluate the size, position, and shape of the uterus, as well as whether the adnexa show thickening, tenderness, or masses. In addition, a vaginal discharge test will be conducted to check for gynecological inflammations such as vaginitis or cervicitis.
3. Routine Blood Test
A routine blood test helps determine whether the woman has anemia, infection, or hematologic diseases. By analyzing indicators such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, the test can identify anemia tendencies, abnormal white blood cell counts to assess immune status and possible infection, and platelet levels to provide a preliminary evaluation of coagulation function.
4. Routine Urine Test
A routine urine test aids in the detection of urinary system diseases, such as urethritis, cystitis, and nephritis. The test includes assessments of urinary protein, glucose, ketone bodies, occult blood, and white blood cells. Positive urinary protein may suggest kidney disease, positive urinary glucose may be related to diabetes, and elevated white blood cells may indicate a urinary tract infection.
5. Liver Function Test
Liver function tests generally include items such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin, albumin, and globulin. These tests are used to evaluate liver function and determine whether there is liver damage or hepatitis. If liver function indicators are abnormal, further tests may be needed to identify the cause and assess whether it could affect post-marriage life and fertility.
In the days leading up to the premarital examination, it is advisable to maintain normal eating and sleeping habits, avoid alcohol consumption, staying up late, and eating excessively greasy or spicy foods, as these factors may affect the examination results. For example, alcohol consumption may cause abnormal liver function indicators, and staying up late may cause fluctuations in blood pressure and heart rate.
