What does a premarital medical examination for women include?
Sep 16, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhang Lu
Introduction
In general, premarital examinations for women mainly include basic physical examination, reproductive system examination, infectious disease screening, genetic disorder testing, and fertility-related assessments. Women are advised to schedule the examination outside of their menstrual period. They should maintain a light diet and avoid staying up late the day before the exam to ensure accurate results. After the examination, individuals may consult with a doctor based on the findings.
Generally, premarital examinations for women mainly include basic physical examination, reproductive system evaluation, infectious disease screening, genetic disorder assessment, and fertility-related tests. The details are as follows:
1. Basic Physical Examination: This includes measurements of height, weight, and blood pressure, as well as evaluations of vital organs such as the heart, lungs, liver, and spleen. Medical and family history will also be reviewed. These assessments help provide an initial overview of overall health.
2. Reproductive System Examination: This involves examination of the external genitalia, vagina, cervix, uterus, and adnexa, with gynecological ultrasound performed if necessary. The purpose is to assess whether reproductive organs have developed normally and to detect any abnormalities, inflammation, or organic diseases such as uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, or vaginitis.
3. Infectious Disease Screening: Common infections such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis, and HIV/AIDS are primarily screened through blood tests. These screenings help detect infectious diseases early, prevent transmission between partners after marriage, and protect fetal health.
4. Genetic Disorder Assessment: Based on family medical history, targeted chromosomal analysis or specific genetic disease screening (e.g., thalassemia, favism) may be conducted. These tests help evaluate the risk of passing on inherited conditions, allowing couples to understand their genetic status and reduce the likelihood of having children with genetic disorders.
5. Preconception and Healthy Pregnancy Evaluation: This includes thyroid function testing, TORCH screening, routine blood and urine tests. These assessments determine whether a woman’s current physical condition is suitable for pregnancy and identify potential risk factors that could lead to fetal malformations or miscarriage.
Women are advised to schedule premarital exams outside of their menstrual period. They should maintain a light diet and avoid staying up late the day before the exam to ensure accurate results. After the examination, individuals can consult with doctors based on the findings to receive guidance on health management or pre-pregnancy planning, thus preparing effectively for married life and future pregnancies.
