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How to treat a sprained ankle

May 08, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Ziqi
Introduction
In general, the treatment methods for a sprained ankle include ice application, compression bandaging, medication, ultrasound therapy, and ligament reconstruction surgery. If discomfort occurs, prompt medical attention is recommended. Within 24 to 48 hours after the injury, intermittent ice application can be performed for 15 to 20 minutes each time, every 2 to 3 hours. Ice application causes local blood vessels to constrict, reducing bleeding and exudation, thereby alleviating swelling and pain.

Generally, the treatment methods for a sprained ankle include ice application, compression bandaging, medication, ultrasound therapy, and ligament reconstruction. If discomfort occurs, timely medical attention is recommended. A detailed explanation is as follows:

1. Ice Application

Within 24-48 hours after the injury, intermittent ice application can be performed for 15-20 minutes each time, every 2-3 hours. Ice application causes local vasoconstriction, reducing bleeding and exudation, thereby alleviating swelling and pain.

2. Compression Bandaging

An elastic bandage can be used to moderately compress and wrap the injured area, starting from the distal part of the ankle toward the proximal direction. The pressure should not affect blood circulation and should feel moderately firm. This helps reduce tissue fluid exudation, alleviate swelling, and provide support and stability.

3. Medication

Under a doctor's guidance, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, diclofenac sodium capsules, or amoxicillin capsules may be used. These medications inhibit cyclooxygenase activity in the body, reducing prostaglandin synthesis, thus exerting anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects to relieve pain and swelling after an ankle sprain.

4. Ultrasound Therapy

Ultrasound therapy utilizes thermal and mechanical effects of ultrasound waves to improve local blood circulation, enhance cellular metabolism, accelerate tissue repair, reduce inflammatory responses and pain, and promote healing of injured tissues.

5. Ligament Reconstruction

If the ankle sprain results in severe ligament rupture, fracture, or joint dislocation, and conservative treatment proves ineffective, surgical intervention such as ligament reconstruction might be necessary. This procedure replaces the damaged ligament with artificial, autograft, or allograft materials to restore the joint's normal structure and function, improving the patient's quality of life.

In daily life, consuming more vegetables, fruits, and protein-rich foods can help enhance physical immunity and accelerate recovery.

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