What are the symptoms of uterine fibroids?

Jul 15, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Zhang Lu

Introduction

Uterine fibroids are a common type of benign gynecological tumor, formed by the abnormal proliferation of uterine smooth muscle cells. Symptoms of uterine fibroids mainly include menstrual irregularities, abdominal masses, increased vaginal discharge, pressure-related symptoms, and pain. If uterine fibroids are present, it is important to monitor fibroid changes by maintaining a regular作息 (schedule), avoiding long-term use of estrogen-containing health products, and undergoing regular gynecological examinations.

Uterine fibroids are common benign gynecological tumors formed by abnormal proliferation of uterine smooth muscle cells. Generally, the main symptoms of uterine fibroids include menstrual abnormalities, abdominal masses, increased vaginal discharge, pressure symptoms, pain, and others. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Menstrual abnormalities: Uterine fibroids may cause increased menstrual flow,表现为 a significant increase in total menstrual blood loss compared to before, with prolonged menstrual periods lasting more than 10 days. Some patients may also experience shortened menstrual cycles or irregular vaginal bleeding outside the menstrual period. Long-term excessive menstrual bleeding may lead to anemia, causing symptoms such as dizziness and fatigue.

2. Abdominal mass: When the fibroid grows to a certain size, a mass can be felt in the abdomen, particularly noticeable in the morning when the bladder is full. The mass is hard, smooth-surfaced, mobile, and generally non-tender. As the fibroid enlarges further, the abdomen may appear significantly distended, resembling a pregnancy of several months' duration.

3. Increased vaginal discharge: Fibroids may increase the surface area of the uterine cavity and stimulate increased secretion from the endometrial glands, resulting in increased vaginal discharge. This manifests as a noticeable increase in the volume of discharge, which is typically thin and watery. If infection or necrosis of the fibroid occurs, the discharge may become purulent or blood-tinged, accompanied by a foul odor.

4. Pressure symptoms: Larger fibroids may compress surrounding organs, causing corresponding symptoms. For example, compression of the bladder may lead to frequent urination, urgent urination, difficulty urinating, or even urinary retention; compression of the rectum can cause constipation and difficulty defecating; and compression of the ureters may result in hydronephrosis and symptoms such as lower back pain.

5. Pain: Uterine fibroids generally do not cause pain. However, acute abdominal pain may occur when complications such as torsion of a pedunculated fibroid, red degeneration of the fibroid, or coexistence with endometriosis arise. The pain can be severe and is often accompanied by symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. Some patients may experience a sensation of heaviness in the lower abdomen, back pain, or other discomfort, which tends to worsen during menstruation or after physical exertion.

If uterine fibroids are diagnosed, it is important to maintain a regular lifestyle, avoid long-term use of health products containing estrogen, and undergo regular gynecological examinations to monitor changes in the fibroids. Additionally, paying attention to physical symptoms can help detect problems early and allow for timely intervention.

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What should I do if I become pregnant with uterine fibroids?

In general, women who become pregnant with uterine fibroids should manage their condition through enhanced prenatal monitoring, adjustment of daily activities, attention to nutritional diet, awareness of physical symptoms, and cooperation with medical interventions. It is important to maintain a positive mindset during pregnancy and avoid excessive anxiety, as anxious emotions may affect hormone levels and jeopardize pregnancy stability. At the same time, maintain close communication with the physician to stay informed about both maternal and fetal conditions.

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Is uterine fibroid serious?

In general, the severity of uterine fibroids needs to be determined based on their size, symptoms, and growth pattern. Small fibroids without symptoms are usually not serious and do not require special treatment; however, fibroids that cause significant symptoms or grow rapidly are considered more severe and require timely intervention. In daily life, it is important to maintain a regular作息 (作息 should be translated as "routine" or "lifestyle rhythm"), avoid excessive fatigue, limit the intake of foods high in estrogen, and reduce the risk of fibroid growth.

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How are uterine fibroids caused?

Under normal circumstances, the main causes of uterine fibroids include hormonal changes, aging, endometritis, polycystic ovary syndrome, and adenomyosis. If discomfort symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek timely medical treatment at a正规 hospital. In daily life, one should maintain external genital hygiene and avoid unclean sexual activity; maintain a regular diet and balanced nutrition.

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What causes bleeding during ovulation?

In general, bleeding during the ovulation period may be caused by a temporary decline in estrogen levels, vigorous exercise, endometritis, cervical polyps, submucosal uterine fibroids, or other factors. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. Additionally, it is important to maintain menstrual hygiene, change sanitary products frequently, and avoid unclean sexual practices.