What are the symptoms of uterine fibroids?

Jul 16, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Zhang Lu

Introduction

In general, the symptoms of uterine fibroids are mainly related to the size, number, and location of the fibroids. Common symptoms include menstrual irregularities, abdominal masses, increased vaginal discharge, pressure symptoms, and a sensation of heaviness in the lower abdomen. To maintain reproductive health, women are advised to undergo regular gynecological examinations and pay attention to any abnormal changes in their bodies. It is also important to maintain a regular作息 (routine/schedule) and avoid excessive fatigue.

Generally, the symptoms of uterine fibroids mainly relate to the size, number, and location of the fibroids. Common symptoms include menstrual abnormalities, abdominal masses, increased vaginal discharge, pressure symptoms, and lower abdominal heaviness or discomfort. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Menstrual abnormalities: When fibroids interfere with uterine contractions or increase the surface area of the endometrium, menstrual bleeding may become heavier and periods longer. Some patients may also experience shortened menstrual cycles and blood clots in the menstrual flow, which over time can lead to symptoms of anemia.

2. Abdominal mass: As fibroids grow and the uterus enlarges to the size equivalent to a 3-month pregnancy, patients may feel a firm, hard mass in the lower abdomen. This mass is usually located centrally in the lower abdomen, has limited mobility, and is more easily palpable when the bladder is full in the morning.

3. Increased vaginal discharge: Intramural fibroids can increase the surface area of the uterine cavity and stimulate increased secretion from endometrial glands, leading to increased vaginal discharge (increased vaginal discharge). When submucosal fibroids prolapse into the vagina, the surface may become infected or necrotic, resulting in purulent discharge with an odor.

4. Pressure symptoms: Depending on their location, fibroids can cause different pressure-related symptoms. For example, anterior wall fibroids pressing on the bladder can cause frequent or urgent urination; posterior wall fibroids pressing on the rectum may lead to difficulty passing stool or a feeling of incomplete evacuation; broad ligament fibroids pressing on the ureters may cause back pain.

5. Lower abdominal heaviness: Larger fibroids may cause a sensation of heaviness or dull pain in the lower abdomen, particularly noticeable after physical exertion, prolonged standing, or during menstruation. Some patients may also experience low back pain, which may improve with rest.

To maintain reproductive health, women are advised to undergo regular gynecological examinations and pay attention to any abnormal changes in their bodies. Maintaining a regular lifestyle, avoiding excessive fatigue, and following a balanced diet can help reduce discomfort associated with fibroids.

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What should I do if I become pregnant with uterine fibroids?

In general, women who become pregnant with uterine fibroids should manage their condition through enhanced prenatal monitoring, adjustment of daily activities, attention to nutritional diet, awareness of physical symptoms, and cooperation with medical interventions. It is important to maintain a positive mindset during pregnancy and avoid excessive anxiety, as anxious emotions may affect hormone levels and jeopardize pregnancy stability. At the same time, maintain close communication with the physician to stay informed about both maternal and fetal conditions.

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Is uterine fibroid serious?

In general, the severity of uterine fibroids needs to be determined based on their size, symptoms, and growth pattern. Small fibroids without symptoms are usually not serious and do not require special treatment; however, fibroids that cause significant symptoms or grow rapidly are considered more severe and require timely intervention. In daily life, it is important to maintain a regular作息 (作息 should be translated as "routine" or "lifestyle rhythm"), avoid excessive fatigue, limit the intake of foods high in estrogen, and reduce the risk of fibroid growth.

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How are uterine fibroids caused?

Under normal circumstances, the main causes of uterine fibroids include hormonal changes, aging, endometritis, polycystic ovary syndrome, and adenomyosis. If discomfort symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek timely medical treatment at a正规 hospital. In daily life, one should maintain external genital hygiene and avoid unclean sexual activity; maintain a regular diet and balanced nutrition.

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What causes bleeding during ovulation?

In general, bleeding during the ovulation period may be caused by a temporary decline in estrogen levels, vigorous exercise, endometritis, cervical polyps, submucosal uterine fibroids, or other factors. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. Additionally, it is important to maintain menstrual hygiene, change sanitary products frequently, and avoid unclean sexual practices.