How is polycystic kidney disease treated?
Jul 21, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Guang
Introduction
In general, polycystic kidney disease may be caused by congenital genetic abnormalities, poor kidney development, recurrent kidney infections, urinary tract obstruction, long-term hypertension, and other factors. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and then improve the condition under a doctor's guidance through general treatment, medication, surgical treatment, and other approaches. In daily life, it is important to maintain a regular作息 (作息 translates to作息 should be translated as "routine" or "作息 habit") routine, avoid staying up late, and prevent excessive fatigue.
Generally, polycystic kidney disease may be caused by congenital genetic abnormalities, poor kidney development, recurrent kidney infections, urinary tract obstruction, long-term hypertension, and other factors. It is recommended to seek timely medical consultation, identify the underlying cause, and improve the condition under a doctor's guidance through general treatment, medication, surgical intervention, and other approaches. A detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Congenital Genetic Abnormalities: Autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance can lead to kidney gene defects, causing abnormal development of renal tubules and the formation of cysts. There is often a family history of genetic disorders. In daily life, strenuous exercise and abdominal trauma should be avoided to prevent cyst rupture. A low-salt diet can reduce the burden on the kidneys. Regular follow-up of kidney function and renal ultrasound should be conducted to monitor changes in cyst size.
2. Poor Kidney Development: Incomplete kidney development during the embryonic stage leads to structural abnormalities in the renal tubules, gradually forming multiple cysts, commonly seen in pediatric patients. Adequate nutrition should be ensured, excessive fatigue avoided, and colds and infections prevented to protect kidney function and slow down cyst growth.
3. Recurrent Kidney Infections: Repeated bacterial or other pathogenic infections of the kidneys cause inflammatory stimulation of renal tubular epithelial cells, promoting cyst formation, often accompanied by back pain and fever. Patients should follow medical advice to use medications such as cefuroxime axetil tablets, amoxicillin capsules, and levofloxacin tablets to control infection. Increased water intake during infection helps flush out pathogens.
4. Urinary Tract Obstruction: Urinary stones, tumors, and other conditions can cause urinary tract obstruction, hindering urine outflow, increasing intrarenal pressure, and inducing cyst formation, often accompanied by difficulty in urination. Prompt relief of the obstruction is necessary. Obstruction caused by stones can be treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy to remove the stones, restore urinary tract patency, and reduce kidney pressure.
5. Long-Term Hypertension: Persistently elevated blood pressure damages renal blood vessels and tubules, leading to structural kidney abnormalities and promoting cyst growth, often accompanied by dizziness and headache. Patients should follow medical advice to use medications such as nifedipine controlled-release tablets, valsartan capsules, and hydrochlorothiazide tablets to control blood pressure, maintaining it within the normal range to minimize kidney damage.
In daily life, maintaining a regular routine, avoiding staying up late and excessive fatigue, quitting smoking, and limiting alcohol consumption can reduce kidney irritation. A light diet is recommended, with reduced intake of high-potassium and high-phosphorus foods. Moderate water intake helps promote metabolism. Comprehensive management can help protect kidney function and delay disease progression.
