How to Observe Neonatal Jaundice
Jul 21, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhou Xiaofeng
Introduction
Under normal circumstances, observation of neonatal jaundice can be conducted by monitoring the onset and resolution timing of jaundice, the distribution sites of jaundice, the depth of jaundice color, the infant's mental status, and the color of urine and stool. When observing neonatal jaundice, it should be done at a fixed time daily under the same lighting conditions to facilitate accurate comparison of changes. Meanwhile, continue feeding the baby according to demand.
Generally, neonatal jaundice can be observed through aspects such as the onset and resolution timing of jaundice, distribution areas, depth of yellow discoloration, the baby's mental status, and the color of urine and stool. Specific analysis is as follows:
1. Observe the onset and resolution timing of jaundice: Normal physiological jaundice usually appears 2-3 days after birth, peaks at 4-5 days, and gradually subsides over 7-10 days. In preterm infants, it may last up to 2-4 weeks. If jaundice appears within 24 hours after birth or persists beyond the aforementioned time frame, special attention is required. Recording the exact timing will help subsequent evaluation.
2. Observe the distribution areas of jaundice: Jaundice typically starts from the head and gradually spreads to the face, neck, trunk, and in severe cases may involve the limbs, even the palms and soles. Routinely observe in the order of head, trunk, and limbs. If the affected area keeps expanding, this suggests possible worsening jaundice and requires closer attention.
3. Observe the depth of jaundice coloration: In the early stages, jaundice presents as a light yellow hue, gradually turning into a more intense orange-yellow or even golden-yellow as it worsens. Observation under natural light provides better accuracy. Compare the baby's skin color at a fixed time daily; if the skin color progressively deepens, prompt attention is necessary.
4. Observe the baby's mental status: During physiological jaundice, the baby generally appears well, feeds normally, cries vigorously, and moves freely. If symptoms such as excessive sleepiness, refusal to feed, weak crying, or delayed responsiveness occur, this may indicate more severe jaundice. These signs require close monitoring and documentation.
5. Observe the color of urine and stool: Normally, a newborn's stool is yellow or golden-yellow, and urine is light yellow. If the stool becomes pale or even gray-white, and the urine becomes dark like strong tea, this may indicate pathological jaundice. These changes should be documented and closely observed.
When observing neonatal jaundice, perform evaluations at the same time daily under consistent lighting conditions to allow accurate comparison of changes. Additionally, continue feeding on demand to ensure adequate milk intake, promoting bowel movements and urination to assist jaundice resolution and safeguard the newborn's health.
