What are the symptoms of bacterial vaginosis?

Sep 15, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Zhang Lu

Introduction

Under normal circumstances, the main symptoms of bacterial vaginosis include increased vaginal discharge, discharge with a fishy odor, mild itching of the vulva, a burning sensation in the vulvar area, and congestion of the vaginal mucosa. If discomfort symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek timely medical treatment at a正规 hospital. If you notice any of the above symptoms, it is important to maintain cleanliness and dryness of the vulva, and change cotton underwear frequently in daily life.

Generally, the main symptoms of bacterial vaginosis include increased vaginal discharge, a fishy odor of the discharge, mild itching of the vulva, a burning sensation in the vulva, and congestion of the vaginal mucosa. If discomfort symptoms appear, it is recommended to seek timely diagnosis and treatment at a reputable hospital. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Increased vaginal discharge

Imbalance of the vaginal flora allows harmful bacteria to multiply and irritate the mucous membranes, leading to an increased production of discharge. The discharge is typically grayish-white, thin, and uniform in texture, unlike normal mucus-like leukorrhea. It often adheres to the surface of the vaginal walls and may cause a noticeable dampness when present in large amounts.

2. Fishy odor of the discharge

Anaerobic bacteria in the vagina break down components of the discharge, producing amine compounds that cause a distinctive fishy smell. This odor tends to become more pronounced after sexual intercourse or around menstruation, as sexual stimulation or hormonal changes can increase the release of amine substances, making the odor more intense and unpleasant.

3. Mild itching of the vulva

Excess discharge and metabolic byproducts of harmful bacteria can irritate the skin and mucous membranes of the vulva, causing mild itching. The itching is usually concentrated around the vaginal opening and the external genitalia. It is generally mild and not persistently severe but may recur, becoming more noticeable at night or during periods of rest, thereby affecting daily comfort.

4. Burning sensation in the vulva

Irritating substances in the discharge and mild inflammation caused by imbalanced vaginal flora can stimulate the skin and mucous membranes of the vulva, resulting in a burning sensation. Patients often feel a slight warmth or stinging discomfort in the vulvar area, which may intensify during urination or friction, affecting normal daily activities.

5. Congestion of the vaginal mucosa

Long-term inflammation can irritate the vaginal mucosa, causing dilation and congestion of the mucosal blood vessels. During a gynecological examination, the vaginal mucosa may appear pale red or bright red, with some areas possibly showing mild swelling. Patients may experience slight pain upon touch, indicating inflammation and damage to the mucosa.

If you notice any of the above symptoms, it is important to maintain cleanliness and dryness of the vulva in daily life, change cotton underwear frequently, and avoid wearing tight synthetic fiber undergarments. When washing the vulva, use warm water only.

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What does it mean when there is a lot of vaginal discharge with a fishy odor?

In general, increased vaginal discharge with a fishy odor may be caused by factors such as menstrual cycle effects, pregnancy-related changes, bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, cervicitis, or other conditions. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention and receive treatment under a doctor's guidance. In daily life, it is important to maintain sexual hygiene and avoid having multiple sexual partners. Additionally, unnecessary vaginal douching should be avoided as much as possible to prevent disruption of the vaginal environment.

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Why does vaginal discharge increase after moxibustion?

Under normal circumstances, increased vaginal discharge after moxibustion may be caused by the warming effect of moxibustion, ovulation, vulvovaginal candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis, cervicitis, or other factors. It is recommended to seek timely medical consultation at a hospital to determine the specific cause and receive targeted treatment. During moxibustion, attention should be paid to the cleanliness of the acupoints, and the procedure should be avoided during menstruation or vaginal bleeding.