What medication should be taken for inflamed and bleeding gums?

Sep 16, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Liu Chao

Introduction

Under normal circumstances, the main causes of gingival inflammation and bleeding include inadequate oral hygiene, dietary irritation, gingivitis, periodontitis, and vitamin C deficiency. Patients should follow medical advice based on their specific conditions to select appropriate treatments such as metronidazole mouthwash, compound chlorhexidine mouthwash, or vitamin C tablets. In daily life, it is important to maintain regular tooth brushing in the morning and evening, rinse the mouth after meals, and undergo regular dental check-ups and professional teeth cleaning.

Generally, the main causes of inflamed and bleeding gums include inadequate oral hygiene, dietary irritation, gingivitis, periodontitis, and vitamin C deficiency. Patients should choose medications such as metronidazole mouthwash, compound chlorhexidine mouthwash, or vitamin C tablets according to medical advice. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Inadequate Oral Hygiene

If teeth are not thoroughly cleaned daily, food debris may accumulate and form dental plaque, irritating the gum tissue and causing inflammation and bleeding, often accompanied by bad breath. Dental floss or oral irrigators can be used to clean between teeth, combined with rinsing using compound chlorhexidine mouthwash to inhibit oral bacteria and reduce gum irritation.

2. Dietary Irritation

Frequent consumption of spicy or excessively hot foods, or chewing hard foods that injure the gums, can cause gum tissue damage and inflammation, resulting in bleeding, redness, and pain. A bland and cool diet is recommended. Patients may use recombinant human epidermal growth factor oral solution as directed to promote gum tissue healing and relieve inflammation.

3. Gingivitis

Long-term accumulation of dental plaque can lead to gingivitis. Inflammation causes gum blood vessels to dilate and become congested, making the gums prone to bleeding during brushing or biting hard objects, often accompanied by swelling. Under a doctor's guidance, medications such as metronidazole mouthwash or amoxicillin capsules may be used to inhibit bacterial growth and reduce gum inflammation.

4. Periodontitis

If gingivitis is not treated promptly, it may progress to periodontitis. Bacterial invasion of periodontal tissues causes recurring gum inflammation and bleeding, often accompanied by periodontal pocket formation and tooth loosening. Patients may take medications such as tinidazole tablets or cefixime capsules under medical supervision to control periodontal infection and alleviate symptoms.

5. Vitamin C Deficiency

Long-term unbalanced diet leading to vitamin C deficiency can reduce gum tissue resistance, causing inflammation and bleeding, often accompanied by dry skin and fatigue. Under a doctor's guidance, vitamin C tablets may be taken to supplement vitamin C, enhance gum tissue repair capability, and improve bleeding symptoms.

In daily life, it is important to maintain good oral hygiene by brushing teeth in the morning and evening, rinsing after meals, and undergoing regular dental checkups and cleanings. A balanced diet rich in fresh fruits and vegetables should be maintained to ensure adequate vitamin intake. Avoid biting hard objects to minimize gum injury and reduce the risk of gum inflammation and bleeding.

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