How is trichomonal vaginitis contracted?

Sep 18, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Zhang Lu

Introduction

Trichomonal vaginitis may be caused by poor personal hygiene, decreased estrogen levels, sexual transmission, indirect contact infection, or vaginal flora imbalance. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. In daily life, avoid wearing tight synthetic underwear and maintain good ventilation of the external genital area. Maintain a light diet and reduce intake of spicy and irritating foods.

Trichomoniasis may generally be caused by poor personal hygiene, decreased estrogen levels, sexual transmission, indirect contact infection, or vaginal flora imbalance. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under a doctor's guidance. Specific analysis is as follows:

1. Poor personal hygiene: Failure to maintain proper external genital cleanliness or infrequent changing of underwear can create favorable conditions for the growth of *Trichomonas vaginalis*. It is important to wash the external genital area daily with warm water, keep it dry, wear cotton breathable underwear, change it every day, and wash underwear separately before sun-drying for disinfection to reduce pathogen residue.

2. Decreased estrogen levels: After menopause or due to hormonal imbalances, reduced estrogen levels can lead to thinning of the vaginal mucosa and weakened resistance, increasing susceptibility to *Trichomonas vaginalis* infection. Hormone levels should be regulated under medical supervision. Consuming foods rich in phytoestrogens may help, along with enhanced external genital care. Avoid excessive cleaning that might disrupt the natural vaginal environment.

3. Sexual transmission: Unprotected sexual intercourse with a partner infected with *Trichomonas vaginalis* can directly transmit the pathogen. Both the patient and their partner should undergo simultaneous treatment. Follow medical advice to use medications such as metronidazole tablets, tinidazole tablets, or ornidazole capsules. Avoid sexual activity during treatment to prevent cross-infection.

4. Indirect contact infection: Infection can occur indirectly through contact with contaminated public baths, towels, or toilet seats. Avoid using public baths when possible. Bring personal hygiene items when traveling, and use disposable sanitary seat covers when using public toilets to minimize the risk of indirect infection.

5. Vaginal flora imbalance: Prolonged use of antibiotics or vaginal douches may disrupt the normal balance of vaginal flora, allowing *Trichomonas vaginalis* to multiply rapidly. Broad-spectrum antibiotics and irritating douches should be discontinued immediately. Under medical guidance, use lactobacillus vaginal capsules to restore microbial balance, along with trichomonacidal agents such as metronidazole suppositories, tinidazole suppositories, or ornidazole suppositories.

In daily life, avoid wearing tight synthetic fiber underwear and ensure good ventilation of the external genital area. Maintain a light diet, reduce intake of spicy and irritating foods, and strengthen overall immunity. Regular follow-up examinations during treatment are essential to ensure complete elimination of the pathogen and prevent recurrence.

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