What are the nursing care measures after surgery for inguinal hernia?

Under normal circumstances, postoperative care for inguinal hernia should focus on promoting wound healing and preventing complications. Key nursing measures include wound care, controlling intra-abdominal pressure, appropriate physical activity, dietary adjustments, and close monitoring of the patient's condition. The details are as follows:

1. Wound Care: Keep the surgical wound dressing clean and dry after surgery, avoiding contact with water or contamination. Check daily for any signs of bleeding or fluid leakage from the wound. If the dressing becomes moist or soiled, replace it promptly, strictly following aseptic techniques to prevent infection. Avoid scratching the skin around the wound to minimize irritation.

2. Control of Intra-abdominal Pressure: Avoid sudden increases in abdominal pressure after surgery, such as vigorous coughing, straining during bowel movements, or lifting heavy objects. When coughing, patients can gently press on the incision site with their hand to reduce tension on the wound. For constipation, increase dietary fiber intake and drink adequate fluids to improve bowel function.

3. Appropriate Activity: Rest in bed is recommended during the early postoperative period. The head of the bed may be slightly elevated to promote lower limb blood circulation. After 1–2 days, light activities near the bedside—such as slow walking—can begin. Prolonged standing or sitting should be avoided. Strenuous exercise, running, or jumping should be avoided within the first week after surgery; physical activity should gradually increase over time.

4. Dietary Adjustment: Patients may begin consuming liquid or semi-liquid foods (e.g., rice soup, millet porridge) 6 hours after surgery. Spicy, greasy, and gas-producing foods should be avoided to reduce gastrointestinal burden. Transition gradually to soft foods (e.g., soft noodles, steamed eggs) within 1–2 days, then slowly resume a regular diet.

5. Condition Monitoring: Closely observe the wound area for redness, swelling, or increased pain, and check for scrotal swelling or fluid accumulation after surgery. Monitor for symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or abdominal distension. Any abnormal findings or discomfort should be reported to medical staff immediately for prompt management and prevention of complications.

Patients are advised to wear loose, soft clothing after surgery to avoid friction on the wound. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule and avoiding late nights helps restore bodily functions, reduces the risk of postoperative complications, and supports recovery.