How to change dressings for wounds with trauma

Nov 05, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Wang Lei

Introduction

Wound dressing changes for trauma should be performed following these steps: preparing sterile dressing materials, cleaning the dressing environment, disinfecting the skin around the wound, treating the wound surface, and covering and bandaging the wound. Strict aseptic technique must be maintained throughout the process to prevent worsening infection. If signs such as redness, swelling, pus discharge, fever, or delayed healing appear, prompt medical attention is recommended. Sterile gauze, normal saline, and iodophor should be prepared in advance.

Wound dressing changes for traumatic injuries should be performed step by step, including preparing dressing materials, cleaning the dressing environment, disinfecting around the wound, managing the wound surface, and covering and bandaging the wound. The entire process must follow aseptic principles to prevent worsening infection. If signs such as redness, swelling, pus discharge, fever, or delayed healing occur, prompt medical attention is recommended.

1. Prepare dressing supplies: Gather sterile gauze, normal saline, iodophor, forceps, scissors, and other necessary items in advance. Check that all packaging is intact and within the expiration date. Arrange the supplies in order of use to avoid confusion and contamination during the procedure.

2. Clean the dressing environment: Choose a clean, well-ventilated area. Close doors and windows before dressing to minimize dust. Wipe down surfaces with a disinfectant. The operator should wash hands thoroughly and wear sterile gloves to ensure no bacteria are introduced to the wound.

3. Disinfect around the wound: Use forceps to hold a piece of sterile gauze soaked in normal saline and gently wipe the skin surrounding the wound to remove dirt. Then, using iodophor, disinfect in a spiral motion from the center of the wound outward. The disinfected area should extend at least 5 cm beyond the wound margins.

4. Manage the wound surface: For minor exudate, gently blot dry with sterile gauze. If necrotic tissue or foreign bodies are present, carefully remove them with sterile scissors (only suitable for superficial, small wounds; deeper wounds require professional care), taking care not to damage newly formed tissue through excessive handling.

5. Cover and bandage the wound: After disinfection, allow the iodophor to dry completely. Place sterile gauze over the wound and secure it with adhesive tape or a bandage. The tightness should allow one finger to fit underneath—avoid wrapping too tightly to prevent impaired circulation. Ensure the gauze remains securely in place and can absorb wound exudate.

Monitor the wound's healing progress regularly. Keep the dressing site dry and avoid contact with water or friction. Change dressings as prescribed, and support healing through a diet rich in protein and vitamins.

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