What should be done about infantile hemangioma?

Hemangiomas in children can be managed through regular observation and monitoring, topical medications, local injections, laser therapy, or surgical excision. Most hemangiomas may regress naturally with growth; however, treatment plans should be individualized based on the lesion's characteristics. Prompt medical evaluation is recommended if the hemangioma grows rapidly, ulcerates, or affects bodily functions.

1. Regular observation and monitoring: For small, asymptomatic superficial hemangiomas, monitor the size and color of the lesion every 1–3 months and document its growth. Most cases resolve spontaneously by ages 5–10 and do not require specific intervention.

2. Topical medications: Suitable for superficial hemangiomas with slow progression. Beta-blocker ointments are commonly used, applied daily to the affected area according to prescribed dosage to inhibit hemangioma growth and promote regression, with a high safety profile.

3. Local injection therapy: Used for deep or moderately growing hemangiomas. Sclerosing agents or anti-angiogenic drugs are injected directly into the lesion to induce shrinkage, minimizing impact on surrounding tissues. This treatment typically has a relatively short course.

4. Laser therapy: Ideal for superficial hemangiomas that affect appearance. Specific wavelength lasers target the lesion to destroy abnormal blood vessels, improving both color and volume. Proper local skin care is required after treatment.

5. Surgical excision: Recommended for large hemangiomas with risk of rupture or those impairing organ function. Complete surgical removal eliminates the lesion and associated risks. Postoperative wound care should follow medical instructions.

In daily life, avoid friction on the child’s hemangioma site. Dress the child in soft, loose clothing, keep the affected skin clean and dry, prevent insect bites, attend scheduled follow-up visits, and closely monitor any changes in the lesion.