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How is a hemangioma treated?

Nov 07, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Feng
Introduction
The treatment of capillary hemangiomas should be selected based on factors such as lesion location, size, and growth rate, and generally includes laser therapy, cryotherapy, and medication. Laser therapy uses specific wavelength lasers to precisely target affected blood vessels, causing coagulation and necrosis of the vessels to eliminate the hemangioma. This method is minimally invasive and allows for rapid recovery, making it suitable for superficial and small-sized capillary hemangiomas.

Capillary hemangioma treatment requires selecting an appropriate method based on the lesion's location, size, growth rate, and other factors. Common approaches include laser therapy, cryotherapy, medication, surgical excision, and sclerotherapy. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Laser therapy: Uses specific wavelength lasers to precisely target abnormal blood vessels, causing coagulation and necrosis of the vessels to eliminate the hemangioma. This method is minimally invasive with rapid recovery, suitable for superficial and small-sized capillary hemangiomas, effectively reducing scarring and pigmentation.

2. Cryotherapy: Applies a low-temperature medium to the affected tissue, causing it to freeze, die, and eventually slough off. It is quick and relatively painless, ideal for superficial and small-volume hemangiomas. However, treatment depth must be carefully controlled to avoid damaging surrounding healthy tissues.

3. Medication: Includes topical agents and systemic drugs. Topical medications are applied directly to the lesion to inhibit blood vessel proliferation. Systemic medications must be used under medical supervision, modulating mechanisms related to vascular growth to control the condition. This approach is suitable for diffuse or widespread hemangiomas not amenable to physical treatments.

4. Surgical treatment: Involves direct surgical removal of the hemangioma tissue. It is recommended for large, deeply infiltrating lesions, or cases where other treatments have failed. Surgery can completely remove the lesion, but involves greater trauma, and postoperative wound care is essential.

5. Sclerotherapy: Involves injecting a sclerosing agent directly into the hemangioma to induce fibrosis and occlusion of the abnormal vessels, leading to gradual shrinkage and resolution. This method is suitable for deep-seated or larger hemangiomas. The procedure is relatively simple and may require multiple injections to achieve optimal results.

Prior to treatment, a professional physician should evaluate the condition to determine the most appropriate approach. Regular follow-up visits are necessary to monitor recovery. If recurrence or adverse reactions occur, prompt medical consultation is required to adjust the treatment plan.

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