What is called sleep disorder?

Sleep disorders refer to abnormalities in the quantity, quality, timing, or rhythm of sleep, leading to insufficient sleep, interrupted sleep, or poor sleep experience, thereby affecting daytime mental status and physical health. If sleep problems persist over a long period and cannot be relieved on their own, timely medical evaluation is recommended.

The causes of sleep disorders are complex and may include psychological factors such as anxiety, depression, and excessive stress; physiological factors such as aging, hormonal changes, or physical illnesses; environmental factors such as noise and inappropriate lighting; and unhealthy lifestyle habits such as staying up late, irregular作息 (sleep schedules), and excessive caffeine intake. These factors may act individually or together to trigger sleep disorders.

Core symptoms include difficulty falling asleep, difficulty maintaining sleep with frequent awakenings and vivid dreams, early morning awakening with inability to fall back asleep, or excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep apnea. Long-term effects may lead to poor concentration, mood swings, and reduced immunity. Treatment should be based on underlying causes and may involve cognitive behavioral therapy, medication, or other interventions.

Maintain regular sleep-wake schedules by going to bed and waking up at consistent times, create a quiet and dark sleep environment, avoid using electronic devices and engaging in vigorous exercise before bedtime, reduce intake of stimulating foods close to bedtime, and practice relaxation techniques to help ease both mind and body.