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What should I do if yellow spots appear on the eye?

Nov 19, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Wang Lei
Introduction
In general, the appearance of macular spots in the eye may be caused by age-related macular degeneration, long-term ultraviolet radiation damaging the macula, central serous chorioretinopathy, macular edema, macular hole, or other reasons. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and then improve the condition through daily care, medication, or surgical treatment under a doctor's guidance.

Under normal circumstances, the appearance of macular spots in the eye may be caused by factors such as age-related macular degeneration, long-term ultraviolet (UV) radiation damaging the macula, central serous chorioretinopathy, macular edema, or macular holes. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the underlying cause, and then improve the condition under a doctor's guidance through daily care, medication, or surgical treatment. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Age-related macular degeneration: With increasing age, cellular function in the macular region declines, making it prone to pigment deposition or accumulation of metabolic waste. Daily supplementation with lutein, along with eating more blueberries, spinach, and similar foods, is recommended. Regular fundus examinations should be conducted to monitor changes in macular function.

2. Long-term UV exposure damaging the macula: Continuous UV stimulation from intense light can damage retinal cells and lead to pathological changes. When outdoors, wear UV-protective sunglasses, avoid prolonged outdoor activities during midday hours with strong sunlight, and reduce the risk of macular damage.

3. Central serous chorioretinopathy: Dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium leads to serous detachment in the macular area, causing visual distortion. Patients should follow medical advice to take medications such as polycosanol-iodine complex tablets, calcium dobesilate capsules, and mecobalamin tablets, while avoiding staying up late and excessive eye strain.

4. Macular edema: Vascular abnormalities or inflammation in the retina cause fluid accumulation in the macular region, leading to decreased vision. Treatment includes medications such as conbercept intraocular injection, ranibizumab injection, or aflibercept intravitreal injection, as prescribed. In severe cases, laser therapy may be combined to promote absorption of the accumulated fluid.

5. Macular hole: Traction from the vitreous body or ocular trauma causes tearing of tissue in the macular area, impairing visual function. Vitrectomy is required to remove the vitreous and relieve traction. Gas tamponade may be used when necessary to facilitate hole closure. Strenuous physical activity should be avoided after surgery.

It is important to develop healthy eye-use habits in daily life—rest the eyes for 5 minutes every 40 minutes of use, and avoid prolonged screen time. Maintain a regular sleep schedule and keep blood pressure and glucose levels well-controlled to support overall retinal health.

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