What is floaters and flashes?

Generally, the sensation of flashes in floaters refers to brief episodes of light spots, dots, or lightning-like flashes appearing in the visual field. This phenomenon is often related to vitreous traction on the retina and commonly occurs alongside eye floaters. If there are concerns, it is advisable to seek medical consultation promptly. Detailed analysis is as follows:

With aging or changes in ocular structure, the vitreous may undergo liquefaction and shrinkage, leading to traction on the retina. When the retina is pulled, it generates abnormal electrical signals that are interpreted by the brain as flashes of light. These flashes are typically transient and may be triggered by eye movements, bending forward, or looking up and down. Some individuals may experience them only occasionally, while others may have frequent episodes.

If flashes occur infrequently and the number of floaters remains stable without other ocular discomfort, they are usually due to physiological vitreous changes. However, if flashes suddenly increase in frequency, or are accompanied by a sudden surge in floaters, visual field defects, or vision loss, they may indicate pathological conditions such as retinal tears or retinal detachment, which require immediate attention.

In daily life, one should pay attention to the frequency of flashes and any accompanying symptoms, avoiding vigorous exercise or eye trauma. If there are abnormal changes in flashes, prompt ophthalmologic evaluation including fundus examination is necessary.