Can long-term heavy drinking lead to mental health problems?

Generally, whether long-term excessive alcohol consumption leads to mental health issues depends on various factors such as the extent of alcohol use and individual physical condition. If related symptoms occur, prompt medical attention is recommended. A detailed analysis is as follows:

If alcohol is consumed only occasionally and in small amounts, and if the individual has strong metabolic capacity without developing alcohol dependence, mental problems typically do not arise. This pattern of drinking causes minimal damage to brain nerve cells, and the body's repair mechanisms can compensate in time, maintaining normal emotional, cognitive, and behavioral functions without causing noticeable mental abnormalities.

However, long-term heavy drinking leading to alcohol dependence, or high individual sensitivity to alcohol, greatly increases the risk of mental health problems. Alcohol continuously damages the cerebral cortex and neurotransmitter systems, potentially causing symptoms such as memory decline, irritability, hallucinations, and delusions. In severe cases, it may lead to alcoholic encephalopathy, resulting in cognitive impairments and personality changes that affect daily functioning.

For individuals with a habit of drinking, it is important to control both the amount and frequency of alcohol intake, gradually reducing consumption. Engaging more in social activities and physical exercise can help shift focus away from alcohol dependence. Nutritionally, increasing intake of protein and B vitamins supports nerve damage recovery. Family members should offer understanding and support, and promptly encourage professional help if emotional or behavioral abnormalities appear.