What is the difference between lorazepam tablets and doxepin hydrochloride tablets?

There are generally differences between lorazepam tablets and doxepin hydrochloride tablets in terms of drug class, mechanism of action, indications, adverse reactions, and contraindications. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Drug Class: Lorazepam tablets belong to the benzodiazepine class of anti-anxiety medications, while doxepin hydrochloride tablets are tricyclic antidepressants.

2. Mechanism of Action: Lorazepam enhances the activity of the central inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), thereby producing sedative and hypnotic effects; doxepin hydrochloride improves mood by inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at the presynaptic membrane, thus regulating the balance of monoamine neurotransmitters.

3. Indications: Lorazepam tablets are primarily used for the short-term treatment of anxiety disorders, insomnia, and preoperative sedation; doxepin hydrochloride tablets are indicated for moderate to severe depression, anxiety neurosis, and chronic pain syndromes.

4. Adverse Reactions: Common side effects of lorazepam include drowsiness, dizziness, and dependence, with long-term use potentially leading to cognitive decline; doxepin hydrochloride frequently causes anticholinergic effects such as dry mouth, constipation, and blurred vision, and overdose carries a risk of cardiotoxicity.

5. Contraindications: Lorazepam is contraindicated in patients with myasthenia gravis, severe respiratory insufficiency, and pregnant women; doxepin hydrochloride should not be used in patients with glaucoma, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or recent myocardial infarction.

During medication, patients must strictly follow medical instructions, avoid abrupt discontinuation or self-adjustment of dosage, regularly monitor liver and kidney function and electrocardiogram, and seek immediate medical attention if serious reactions such as confusion or palpitations occur.