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What are the contraindications for COVID-19 vaccination?

Dec 03, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Ren Yi
Introduction
In general, clear contraindications for COVID-19 vaccination include allergy to vaccine components, acute illness during an active phase, uncontrolled chronic diseases, specific neurological disorders, and certain physiological conditions such as pregnancy or lactation. Individuals should proactively inform healthcare providers of their health status prior to vaccination and strictly adhere to contraindication guidelines. Those eligible for vaccination should receive the vaccine on schedule and continue practicing personal protective measures afterward.

Under normal circumstances, there are clear contraindications for COVID-19 vaccination, including allergy to vaccine components, acute illness episodes, uncontrolled chronic diseases, specific neurological disorders, and special physiological stages. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Allergy to vaccine components: Individuals who are allergic to any component of the COVID-19 vaccine or who have previously experienced a severe allergic reaction after receiving other vaccines should not be vaccinated, to avoid life-threatening allergic reactions.

2. Acute illness phase: Individuals currently experiencing an acute illness, such as high fever, acute pneumonia, or acute gastroenteritis, should postpone vaccination. During this period, the immune system is highly active; vaccinating may worsen the existing condition and interfere with the assessment of the vaccine's immunogenicity.

3. Uncontrolled chronic diseases: Individuals with poorly controlled chronic conditions—such as severe hypertension, diabetic complications, or decompensated liver cirrhosis—are not recommended for vaccination. These individuals often have compromised physical function, and vaccination may increase the risk of adverse reactions. Vaccination should only be considered after their medical condition has stabilized and been reassessed.

4. Specific neurological disorders: Individuals with uncontrolled epilepsy, transverse myelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, or those who previously developed severe neurological reactions after vaccination, should not receive the vaccine, to prevent further damage to the nervous system.

5. Special physiological stages: Pregnant women are explicitly advised against vaccination. Breastfeeding women should consult with their healthcare provider to make an informed decision based on individual circumstances. Infants and young children are currently not recommended for vaccination due to insufficient clinical data from vaccine trials; age-specific eligibility criteria must be strictly followed.

Prior to vaccination, individuals should proactively inform healthcare providers of their health status and strictly adhere to contraindication guidelines. Eligible individuals should receive vaccinations on schedule and continue practicing personal protective measures afterward, contributing collectively to building an effective immune barrier.

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