Hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis is divided into several types.
Dec 03, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Ren Yi
Introduction
Hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis is mainly classified into acute miliary pulmonary tuberculosis, subacute hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, and chronic hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis. The classification is based on the onset speed, lesion morphology, and disease progression rate, requiring accurate diagnosis through clinical symptoms and examinations. If persistent low-grade fever, night sweats, cough, or dyspnea occur, prompt medical consultation is recommended.
Blood-borne disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis is mainly classified into acute miliary pulmonary tuberculosis, subacute hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, and chronic hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis. The classification is based on the onset speed, lesion morphology, and disease progression rate, requiring clinical integration of symptoms and diagnostic tests for accurate diagnosis. If persistent low-grade fever, night sweats, cough, or difficulty breathing occur, prompt medical attention is recommended.
1. Acute miliary pulmonary tuberculosis: This type has a sudden onset, with large numbers of Mycobacterium tuberculosis rapidly entering the bloodstream and spreading widely throughout the body, forming uniformly sized, small millet-like lesions. It is commonly accompanied by high fever, fatigue, and shortness of breath, frequently affecting individuals with weakened immunity. The condition progresses rapidly and requires urgent treatment.
2. Subacute hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis: This form develops more gradually, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis entering the bloodstream in batches, resulting in lesions of varying sizes containing both new and old foci. Symptoms are milder and may include low-grade fever, night sweats, and cough. The disease course is prolonged, often caused by the interaction between host immunity and the pathogen.
3. Chronic hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis: This type has a slow onset and a protracted course. Lesions are primarily characterized by proliferation, fibrosis, and calcification. Symptoms are atypical or mild, possibly manifesting only as fatigue or occasional cough. It often evolves from a previous tuberculosis infection that was not completely cured.
Daily management includes maintaining indoor ventilation, ensuring adequate sleep and avoiding fatigue, consuming a diet rich in protein and vitamins to enhance immunity, minimizing close contact with others to reduce transmission risk, and adhering to prescribed treatments and regular follow-up visits to promote recovery.
