What does a five-item blood liver function test check for?

Dec 03, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Huang Yuhong

Introduction

The five-item liver function blood test generally includes examination of hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B surface antibody, hepatitis B e-antigen, hepatitis B e-antibody, and hepatitis B core antibody. Hepatitis B surface antigen is a protein from the outer shell of the hepatitis B virus. Although it is not infectious by itself, its presence usually indicates the existence of the hepatitis B virus and serves as a marker for hepatitis B infection. A positive result suggests possible hepatitis B infection.

A five-item liver function blood test typically checks for hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B surface antibody, hepatitis B e-antigen, hepatitis B e-antibody, and hepatitis B core antibody. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg): This is a protein component of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope. Although it is not infectious by itself, its presence usually indicates the concurrent existence of HBV. A positive result suggests possible infection with hepatitis B virus.

2. Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb): This is a protective antibody. A positive result indicates immunity to hepatitis B virus, which may result from prior vaccination or recovery after an HBV infection. It provides protection against HBV invasion.

3. Hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg): A positive result reflects active replication of the hepatitis B virus, indicating high infectivity and extensive viral multiplication in the body. At this stage, the patient's blood contains a high level of virus, requiring prompt treatment to control the disease.

4. Hepatitis B e-antibody (HBeAb): A positive result indicates reduced viral replication and lower infectivity, suggesting that the condition is becoming more stable. However, it does not mean complete absence of infectivity; comprehensive evaluation based on other indicators is necessary.

5. Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb): A positive result indicates past infection with hepatitis B virus. Regardless of whether the virus has been cleared, the core antibody persists and serves as evidence of previous HBV infection.

Before undergoing the five-item liver function test, patients should fast for 8–12 hours, avoid strenuous exercise and alcohol consumption, and ensure adequate sleep to prevent interference with the accuracy of test results.

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Is a liver function panel a blood test?

Liver function five-item test, commonly known as the five liver function tests, is generally performed through blood sampling. This test is an important clinical examination that evaluates liver damage and assesses whether the liver's physiological functions are normal by means of laboratory analysis of blood samples. The five-item liver function panel typically includes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and other related indicators.

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How to interpret a five-item liver function test report

Normally, a liver function panel (five-item test) primarily evaluates the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin. Note that after receiving your liver function test results, you should promptly consult a qualified physician to determine whether any abnormalities indicate underlying health issues. Additionally, it is recommended to fast before undergoing liver function tests to avoid affecting the accuracy of the results.

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Is the five-item liver function test performed by blood draw?

In most cases, the liver function panel of five tests requires a blood draw. Whether you suspect abnormal liver function or want to confirm whether you have hepatitis B, a blood test for the five-item liver function panel is definitely necessary. The liver function panel includes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, and total bilirubin.

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What are the five items in a routine liver function test?

The five liver function tests in a physical examination refer to alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin. By measuring the levels of these five indicators, it is possible to preliminarily assess whether there is liver damage, the extent and scope of any damage, and whether jaundice is present. Alanine aminotransferase is primarily located within the cytoplasm of hepatocytes.

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How much does the 5-item liver function test cost?

Under normal circumstances, "liver function 5 items" refers to the five-item liver function test. The general reference price for the five-item liver function test is 50–300 yuan per session. The price of this test may be affected by factors such as individual conditions, additional services, test package combinations, testing equipment and technology, and regional cost of living. It is recommended to check with the local hospital for the actual price.

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Is fasting required for the five-item liver function test?

The five-item liver function test usually requires fasting, as food intake may affect serum precipitation and the accuracy of the results, potentially leading to inaccurate diagnostic outcomes. Therefore, it is recommended to fast for 8–12 hours before the test, avoid eating after 9 PM the previous day, and refrain from consuming alcohol and high-fat foods. Additionally, it is important to maintain a calm and positive mindset before the test and avoid excessive anxiety.

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How much does the five-item liver function test cost?

The cost of the five-item liver function test is typically 100-300 yuan per session. However, the price may vary depending on factors such as regional cost of living, specific test items, special groups, special circumstances, and promotional offers. Generally, the cost is lower in second- and third-tier cities, while it is higher in first-tier cities. Additional charges may apply for extra test items, whereas special groups often receive discounts. Promotional offers may also reduce the overall cost.

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How much does a five-item liver function test cost?

Under normal circumstances, the cost of a five-item liver function test typically ranges from 50 to 300 yuan per session. However, the actual price may be influenced by factors such as regional cost of living, the combination of test items, testing equipment and technology, market competition, and requirements for testing time. It is recommended to check with local hospitals for accurate pricing. Before undergoing a five-item liver function test, it is necessary to ensure that the patient is fasting to avoid affecting the test results.

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