The Relationship Between HLA-B27 and Ankylosing Spondylitis

Aug 20, 2021 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Yu Chunyan

Introduction

Ankylosing spondylitis exhibits a very strong association with the HLA-B27 antigen; therefore, HLA-B27 testing holds significant importance in the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis. Approximately 5%–20% of patients with spondyloarthropathy test negative for HLA-B27. In addition to HLA-B27 testing, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should also be performed.

Ankylosing spondylitis exhibits a very strong association with the HLA-B27 antigen; therefore, HLA-B27 testing holds significant diagnostic value in ankylosing spondylitis. Approximately 5%–20% of patients with spondyloarthropathy test negative for HLA-B27. Consequently, in addition to HLA-B27 testing, patients should undergo further diagnostic evaluations—including erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) measurement, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)—to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of joint damage, thereby guiding subsequent targeted therapy. HLA-B27 comprises multiple subtypes, some of which are positively associated with disease susceptibility, while others show a negative association.

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What are the symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis?

In general, common symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis include low back pain, morning stiffness, joint swelling and pain, restricted spinal mobility, and nocturnal aching. If any of these symptoms occur, it is advisable to seek timely medical evaluation and treatment at a reputable hospital. Additionally, systemic manifestations such as fatigue and low-grade fever may also appear. In daily life, patients should maintain regular, moderate exercise and practice proper posture.

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Can ankylosing spondylitis be cured?

In general, there is currently no clinically proven cure for ankylosing spondylitis. If symptoms arise, prompt medical consultation is recommended. Proper daily care can help stabilize the patient’s condition and slow disease progression. Maintaining an upright, correct posture over the long term is essential; prolonged sitting or lying down, as well as slouching or kyphosis, should be avoided.

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Can Ankylosing Spondylitis Be Cured by Traditional Chinese Medicine?

In general, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) cannot cure ankylosing spondylitis. If symptoms arise, prompt medical consultation is recommended. Appropriate daily self-care can help stabilize the condition and reduce the frequency of flare-ups. It is essential to maintain proper posture, avoid prolonged sitting or lying down, and refrain from slouching or hunching. Regular, gentle exercises—such as stretching and slow walking—are also advised.

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Can patients with ankylosing spondylitis develop tuberculosis?

If patients with ankylosing spondylitis have a prolonged active disease phase, immune dysfunction, or receive long-term treatment with immunosuppressive agents, their overall resistance may decrease, weakening their defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and potentially increasing the risk of infection. In addition, factors such as prolonged bed rest and reduced physical activity may indirectly increase the likelihood of infection, although these are not directly caused by the disease itself.

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Can ankylosing spondylitis affect the eyes?

In general, whether ankylosing spondylitis affects the eyes depends on the disease status. During active phases of the disease, ocular involvement is more likely and may lead to eye lesions; during stable phases, the risk of eye complications significantly decreases. Proper daily care is essential, including strict adherence to prescribed medications to control the underlying condition and prevent disease flares.

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Can ankylosing spondylitis lead to tuberculosis?

Ankylosing spondylitis itself does not directly cause tuberculosis, but abnormal immune function or long-term medication use may increase the risk of infection. These two conditions are different types of diseases and have no direct causal relationship. Most patients only present with inflammation of the spine and joints, without severe immune impairment. In individuals without a history of tuberculosis exposure or use of immunosuppressive drugs, the probability of developing tuberculosis is not significantly different from that of the general population.

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How to Exercise with Ankylosing Spondylitis

In general, patients with ankylosing spondylitis are suitable for exercises such as wall-standing, spinal stretching, hip joint flexion and extension training, deep breathing exercises, and swimming. Additionally, patients with ankylosing spondylitis should avoid strenuous activities, prolonged bending, or weight-bearing movements during exercise to prevent aggravating joint damage; the intensity of exercise should be increased gradually.

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What foods can be eaten for ankylosing spondylitis?

Under normal circumstances, patients with ankylosing spondylitis can benefit from eating foods such as salmon, broccoli, black beans, kiwi fruit, and oats. Additionally, patients may moderately consume spinach, eggs, and milk to supplement nutrition. They should avoid spicy, stimulating foods, as well as those high in sugar and fat, to prevent exacerbating inflammation or increasing metabolic burden on the body.

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