What are the common causes of pathological jaundice in newborns?
Dec 25, 2019
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhang Zhiming
Introduction
First, hemolytic disease of the newborn results from blood group incompatibility between mother and fetus.
Second, intrauterine or postnatal infections.
Third, perinatal factors—such as birth trauma or ischemia-hypoxia—that lead to jaundice.
Fourth, intrahepatic biliary duct obstruction or extrahepatic biliary obstruction.
Fifth, breast milk jaundice.
Additionally, drug-induced jaundice and various enzymatic deficiencies may also cause jaundice.
First, hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), caused by blood group incompatibility between mother and fetus.
Second, intrauterine or postnatal infection—jaundice resulting from hepatocellular dysfunction due to viral or bacterial infection, such as sepsis or neonatal hepatitis syndrome.
Third, perinatal factors—jaundice resulting from birth trauma, hypoxia-ischemia, or other perinatal insults.
Fourth, intrahepatic bile duct or biliary tract obstruction—often secondary to inflammation or congenital biliary malformations.
Fifth, breast milk jaundice—a distinct type of pathological jaundice associated with breastfeeding.
Additionally, less common causes of pathological jaundice include drug-induced jaundice, various enzymatic deficiencies (e.g., glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency), hereditary spherocytosis, galactosemia, and other inherited metabolic disorders.
