Does female urinary incontinence surgery carry risks?

May 15, 2022 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Li Mingchuan

Introduction

Are there risks associated with female urinary incontinence surgery? Yes—like all surgical procedures, female urinary incontinence surgery carries certain risks; no surgery is 100% risk-free. During the procedure, nearby nerves or blood vessels surrounding the urethra may be inadvertently injured, potentially leading to neurological complications or significant hemorrhage. Additionally, if the surgical sling is placed too tightly, postoperative urinary retention (inability to void) may occur.

There are numerous causes of female urinary incontinence, with neurological factors being the primary contributors. Patients with severe urinary incontinence often require surgical intervention. So, does surgery for female urinary incontinence carry risks? Let’s explore this further.

Does Surgery for Female Urinary Incontinence Carry Risks?

All surgical procedures entail some degree of risk—no surgery is 100% risk-free. Therefore, surgery for female urinary incontinence also carries certain risks.

For women with severe stress urinary incontinence, a minimally invasive sling procedure is typically performed. This involves placing a synthetic or biological sling to gently support and elevate the urethra, thereby altering its anatomical position and orientation to restore voluntary urinary control. Since the sling is threaded around and secured near the urethra, there is potential intraoperative injury to adjacent nerves or blood vessels—posing risks such as neurological dysfunction or significant hemorrhage. Additionally, if the sling is placed too tightly, postoperative urinary retention (inability to void) may occur.

Therefore, prior to undergoing surgery for urinary incontinence, a thorough preoperative assessment must be conducted to determine whether the patient meets surgical criteria. If non-surgical management is appropriate, surgery should be avoided whenever possible. Contraindications to sling surgery—including detrusor underactivity and underlying systemic conditions—must also be carefully ruled out, as these may lead to postoperative urinary retention, voiding difficulty, and compromised surgical outcomes. After surgery, patients should prioritize rest and avoid excessive physical exertion. They should also limit intake of caffeinated beverages (e.g., coffee), which have diuretic effects, as well as grapefruit juice and pomegranate juice, which may interact with medications or exacerbate symptoms.

The above addresses the question: “Does surgery for female urinary incontinence carry risks?” We hope this information is helpful to you.

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