What Are the Common Hereditary Diseases?
May 16, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Guo Xiheng
Introduction
Some hereditary disorders are congenital, manifesting at birth, while others are acquired and may only become apparent gradually during childhood development. Common hereditary disorders include:
First, allergies and asthma. Allergic reactions—such as those triggered by pollen or dust—are often inherited by children. Exposure to pollen, for example, may induce asthma in susceptible children, and this condition is highly heritable.
Hereditary familial diseases refer to disorders caused by alterations in genetic material or controlled by disease-causing genes. Such conditions are typically determined wholly or partially by genetic factors. So, what are the common hereditary familial diseases?
Common Hereditary Familial Diseases
Some hereditary familial diseases are congenital—present at birth—while others manifest later in life and may only become apparent during childhood development. Common hereditary familial diseases include: First, allergies and asthma. Allergic reactions—such as those triggered by pollen or dust—are often inherited; children may similarly develop asthma upon exposure to pollen or pet dander, and this susceptibility is highly heritable. Second, diabetes mellitus and albinism. Third, certain forms of heart disease.
Additionally, some hereditary familial diseases—including hemophilia, progressive muscular dystrophy, and vitamin D-resistant rickets—are linked to sex chromosomes. Other conditions are polygenic and may cluster within families—for example, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, neural tube defects, and cleft lip—all of which involve multiple genes. Many familial diseases can be prevented through proactive measures, such as avoiding consanguineous marriage.
Prior to conception, both prospective parents can compile a detailed family medical history and employ scientifically validated strategies to reduce the risk of transmitting hereditary diseases. We hope this information is helpful. Wishing you good health and happiness!
