What Causes Acne Breakouts Before Menstruation?
May 29, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Wang Xiaoyan
Introduction
Premenstrual acne flare-ups in women are commonly attributed to the following factors:
- **Insufficient progesterone**: In the week preceding menstruation, progesterone levels gradually decline, leading to particularly rough skin and increased susceptibility to allergic reactions—thereby predisposing individuals to acne.
- **Zinc deficiency**: Zinc inhibits the activity of an enzyme that promotes skin inflammation and infection.
During menstruation, every woman experiences a temporary decline in physical resilience. Additionally, many women develop sudden acne breakouts before their period begins—causing considerable distress. So, what causes premenstrual acne? The specific reasons are as follows:
① Excessive Sebum Production
Hormonal fluctuations prior to menstruation stimulate increased sebum secretion. This surge in oil production irritates the pilosebaceous ducts, making pores more prominent and further exacerbating sebum output—ultimately triggering acne breakouts.
② Elevated Estrogen Levels
From ovulation until just before menstruation, rising estrogen levels enhance sebaceous gland activity, thereby worsening acne.
③ Insufficient Progesterone
According to the natural menstrual cycle, progesterone levels gradually decline during the week preceding menstruation. This hormonal drop often results in roughened, sensitized skin prone to allergic reactions—and consequently, increased acne formation.
④ Zinc Deficiency
Research indicates that women without acne generally have significantly higher zinc levels than those with acne. Zinc inhibits an enzyme involved in skin inflammation and infection. Moreover, zinc helps regulate sebum production, thereby reducing the risk of skin infections.
