What is the difference between having vitiligo and pityriasis versicolor?

Firstly, in terms of etiology, tinea versicolor is caused by fungal infection, whereas vitiligo results from decreased or abnormal immune function. Clinically, tinea versicolor commonly occurs on areas with high sebum production such as the anterior chest, back, and scapular regions, presenting as patches of hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation. Fine scaling can be observed on the surface of the lesions, which are generally non-pruritic, although mild itching may occur in some individuals, indicating a certain degree of infectivity. Vitiligo can develop on any part of the body, including the face, head, trunk, and limbs, and manifests as depigmented patches surrounded by a rim of hyperpigmentation. The lesion surfaces are smooth, without scaling, and are non-contagious. In diagnostic testing, fungal examination is positive in tinea versicolor but negative in vitiligo. Under Wood's lamp examination, tinea versicolor appears yellowish or white, while vitiligo presents as pure white. Treatment for tinea versicolor involves antifungal therapy, whereas vitiligo is managed with topical corticosteroids, immunomodulatory ointments such as tacrolimus, or systemic medications to enhance immune function.